Fireproof Thermal Insulation Layer for Battery Module Safety
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-energy lithium battery modules are prone to thermal runaway, leading to uncontrolled chain reactions and potential explosions due to inadequate thermal dissipation, posing safety risks to lives and assets.
Innovation Solution
A battery module design incorporating a fireproof thermal insulation layer with battery holes and air holes that reduces heat transfer as temperature increases, utilizing materials like thermal resistive polymers and inorganic powders to create an anisotropic heat transfer characteristic, slowing heat transfer in undesirable directions while enhancing dissipation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If batteries are stacked tightly to increase energy density, then productivity and energy storage are improved, but thermal runaway risk increases due to inadequate thermal dissipation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the battery module into isolated compartments using fireproof thermal insulation layers with individual battery holes for each cell. This segmentation prevents thermal runaway propagation by physically isolating each battery cell while maintaining close stacking for high energy density.
Solution Approach 2:
The fireproof thermal insulation layer acts as an intermediary between adjacent battery cells. It includes air holes for thermal dissipation and fireproof materials that block heat transfer, serving as a mediator that allows close stacking while preventing thermal runaway chain reactions.
2Reliability
If fireproof thermal insulation layer with air holes is introduced to prevent thermal runaway, then safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The fireproof thermal insulation layer performs multiple functions simultaneously: it provides thermal insulation, creates air holes for ventilation and heat dissipation, and acts as a fire barrier. This multi-functionality improves safety without requiring separate components for each function, thus limiting the increase in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite fireproof thermal insulation materials that combine insulating properties with fire resistance. These composite materials integrate multiple protective functions into a single layer, improving safety while maintaining relatively simple device structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively slows down heat spreading, providing time for heat dissipation and preventing overheating, thereby reducing the risk of complete battery module destruction and ensuring safety.
Implementation Method 1
a fireproof thermal insulation layer comprises a plurality of battery holes for disposing the plurality of battery cells therein and a plurality of air holes vertically penetrating the fireproof thermal insulation layer
Implementation Method 2
a plurality of air holes vertically penetrating the fireproof thermal insulation layer. A side of each battery cell is sleeved in the fireproof thermal insulation layer, and the air holes are provided between adjacent ones of the plurality of battery holes
Implementation Method 3
A heat transfer coefficient of the fireproof thermal insulation layer decreases as a temperature of the fireproof thermal insulation layer increases
Data Source
AI summary
A battery module with thermal dissipation and thermal runaway prevention is provided, including at least one battery and a fireproof thermal insulation layer. The at least one battery may include a plurality of battery cells electrically connected through conductors. The fireproof thermal insulation layer includes a plurality of battery holes for disposing the battery cells therein and a plurality of air holes vertically penetrating the fireproof thermal insulation layer. A side of each of the battery cells is sleeved in the fireproof thermal insulation layer, and the plurality of air holes are provided between adjacent ones of the plurality of battery holes. The fireproof thermal insulation layer has a heat transfer coefficient that decreases with an increase in the temperature of the fireproof thermal insulation layer.