First Packet Application Classification via Intelligent Learning

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for classifying network packets, especially the first packet of a flow, face significant latency due to deep packet inspection requirements, making it difficult to apply appropriate routing and quality of service policies, especially when the packet lacks sufficient information above the transport layer, leading to inefficient network path selection and intermediary device configuration.

Innovation Solution

An intelligent learning-based system that utilizes destination IP addresses and domains from first packets to determine if a similar flow has been previously received, applying default routing and policy rules initially, and then fully classifying the flow, updating an association database with confidence scores to improve accuracy over time, allowing for low-latency application classification.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If deep packet inspection is performed to classify network packets accurately, then classification precision is improved, but latency increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclassification precisionVSAvoidlatency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary classification actions on the first packet using available information (destination IP, port, protocol) before the full flow is established. This preliminary classification allows immediate application of routing and QoS policies without waiting for deep packet inspection of subsequent packets, thus reducing latency while maintaining reasonable classification accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The classification process is segmented into multiple stages: initial classification based on first packet metadata (destination IP, port, protocol), followed by continuous refinement as more packets arrive. This segmentation allows the system to make immediate routing decisions while progressively improving classification precision through additional packet analysis.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If deep packet inspection is delayed until flow establishment, then packet processing speed is improved, but routing decisions are delayed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepacket processing speedVSAvoidrouting decision time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary classification and routing decisions based on the first packet's metadata before the flow is fully established. This allows routing decisions to be made immediately upon receiving the first packet, improving both packet processing speed and routing decision time by not waiting for flow establishment or complete packet inspection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Productivity

If the first packet contains limited information, then network protocol efficiency is improved, but classification accuracy deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotocol efficiencyVSAvoidclassification accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary classification using the limited information available in the first packet (destination IP, port, protocol) without requiring additional packet data. This maintains protocol efficiency by not delaying packet processing while still enabling immediate routing and QoS policy application based on the available metadata.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The classification accuracy is dynamic rather than static. The system continuously refines classification as more packets arrive in the flow, adjusting the classification confidence level. This allows the system to start with lower accuracy based on limited first packet information but progressively improve accuracy without impacting initial packet processing speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP3701696B1Systems and methods for first packet application classification
Publication Date: 2022.11.30 CITRIX SYSTEMS INC
  • EP3701696B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3701696B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3701696B1 patent drawingFigure 1C

AI summary

Described embodiments provide for low-latency classification of flows, via an intelligent learning-based system. In one implementation, a packet processor may utilize destination internet protocol (IP) addresses and domains identified in first packets of flows to determine if a similar flow has been previously received, directed to the same address and domain, or apply default routing and policy rules if not. The packet processor may subsequently fully classify the flow; generate a record in an association database for the combination of application, address, and domain, and a starting confidence level; and apply proper routing and policy rules. A subsequent flow for the same application and destination IP address may then be classified as the same as the prior flow, with corresponding routing and policy rules applied. The packet processor may continue to fully classify the flow, and upon full classification, the database entry may be updated and the confidence level adjusted.