Fish Feeding Control Using Repeated Games for Group Swimming
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing feeding methods in recirculating aquaculture systems lead to feed waste and reduced swimming cooperation among fish, increasing costs and energy consumption, as they do not account for the hunger levels of the fish, leading to individuals breaking away from group swimming and compensating with additional food sources.
Innovation Solution
An intelligent feeding method based on repeated games that quantifies hunger levels and determines optimal feeding amounts by analyzing cooperative and non-cooperative swimming strategies, using a high-definition camera, LED lighting, oxygen consumption detection, and a programmable logic controller to control feeding in recirculating aquaculture systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If sufficient feed is provided to ensure normal growth, then fish energy intake is sufficient, but feed residues increase leading to increased feed costs and water treatment expenses
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses high-definition cameras to monitor fish swimming behavior and detect whether fish are swimming in groups or individually. This visual feedback is processed to determine the degree of swimming cooperation, which then feeds back to control the feeding amount. When swimming cooperation is high, feed is restricted to maintain hunger and promote group swimming; when cooperation decreases, feed is increased to restore it, creating a closed-loop control system that optimizes feed usage.
Solution Approach 2:
The system allows fish to self-regulate their feeding behavior through their natural swimming preferences. By controlling feed amount based on observed swimming patterns rather than predetermined schedules, the system enables fish to effectively 'decide' their own feeding needs through their collective behavior, reducing the need for external intervention and optimization.
2Use of energy by moving object
If excess food is provided, then individual fish can compensate for additional swimming energy costs, but individuals break away from group swimming resulting in unnecessary energy consumption and reduced feed conversion rates
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements periodic feeding cycles where feed is alternately restricted and provided based on observed swimming cooperation patterns. This periodic action prevents continuous excess feeding, allowing fish to maintain hunger-driven group swimming behavior during restriction periods while receiving supplemental feed only when cooperation deteriorates, thereby optimizing the balance between energy consumption and feed conversion efficiency.
3Loss of substance
If feed amount is controlled to maintain group swimming cooperation, then feed waste is reduced, but it requires determining the appropriate hunger level which complicates the feeding strategy
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces complex physiological measurement methods for determining hunger levels with a visual behavior-based detection system using high-definition cameras. Instead of measuring actual hunger levels through biological parameters, the system substitutes this with observation of swimming behavior patterns, which are easier to detect and process automatically, thereby reducing system complexity while achieving the same control objective.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a virtual model of fish swimming behavior by capturing and analyzing video images. This behavioral copy or representation allows the control system to assess swimming cooperation without directly measuring physiological states, simplifying the control mechanism while maintaining effective hunger level management through behavioral proxies.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are an intelligent feeding method and system for fish in a recirculating aquaculture system based on repeated games. The method includes: constructing repeated games, determining Nash equilibrium strategies based on the repeated games, determining a payoff relationship between different strategies in a research phase, and quantifying a hunger level and determining a feeding amount based on the payoff relationship as well as an intrinsic connection between hunger levels and energy intake and expenditure in fish group feeding behavior. This application uses a simple and effective repeated game method to determine the feeding amount that promotes cooperative swimming feeding behavior in the fish group, effectively reducing feed waste caused by the existing method of determining the feeding amount based on total fish biomass and farming experience. This application ensures sufficient energy supply for fish growth while promoting cooperative swimming feeding behavior among individual fish in the group.