Five-Level Inverter Switch Topology Reducing Conduction Loss

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional five-level inverters have a high number of semiconductor switches that pass current, leading to increased stationary ON loss, reduced efficiency, and difficulties in reducing device size and cost.

Innovation Solution

A five-level inverter configuration with quartered terminals, where semiconductor devices are connected in inverse parallel instead of inverse series, reducing the maximum number of switches through which current passes from four to three, and further optimizing with reverse blocking IGBTs to minimize current flow to two switches.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If semiconductor switches are connected in inverse series configuration, then the inverter can output five voltage levels, but the maximum number of switches passing current becomes four, increasing stationary ON loss and reducing efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage level output capabilityVSAvoidstationary ON loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional inverse series connection of semiconductor switches to an inverse parallel connection. This inversion reduces the current path from passing through four switches to only three switches, thereby reducing stationary ON loss while maintaining the five-level voltage output capability through alternative switching combinations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Adaptability or versatility

If four semiconductor switches pass current in the conventional configuration, then five voltage levels can be achieved, but the device size and cost increase due to higher losses and complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefive-level voltage outputVSAvoidnumber of switches and circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

By inverting the switch connection from series to parallel, the patent reduces the number of switches that must simultaneously handle current from four to three. This simplification reduces device complexity and cost while preserving the five-level voltage output function through reconfigured switching sequences

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the topological parameter of switch connection from series to parallel, which fundamentally alters the current distribution characteristics. This parameter change enables fewer switches to handle the same power levels, reducing overall device complexity and component count

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP2251969B1Five-level inverter
Publication Date: 2016.10.05 FUJI ELECTRIC CO LTD
  • EP2251969B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2251969B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2251969B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A five-level inverter that can be reduced in generated loss, and size and cost is provided. The inverter has: first, second, and third arm pairs that are configured by combining in series two arms formed of semiconductor devices with respect to an input DC power source provided with five terminals and having five mutually different voltage levels including zero; and AC switches configured by inverse serially combining arms formed of semiconductor devices. The configuration, in which the number of elements that pass electric current is reduced with respect to that in the conventional circuit, makes it possible to increase the device in efficiency and reduce in size.