Decision Feedback Equalizer Frames for Low-Latency Data Processing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing decision feedback equalizers face challenges in achieving high-speed operations due to data dependency issues caused by feedback paths, which result in increased latency and hinder the ability to meet demands for high-capacity and high-speed data transmission.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a fixed pattern DFE comma at the end of data frames, which serves as feedback data for decision feedback equalization operations, allowing for high-speed pipelined equalization without latency delays.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a feedback path is used in the decision feedback equalizer, then equalization performance is improved, but data dependency increases causing latency and limiting operating speed

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveequalization performanceVSAvoidlatency

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The data stream is segmented into fixed-length data frames with predetermined comma fields at specific positions. This segmentation allows the system to process discrete frame units independently, breaking the continuous data dependency chain that causes latency in traditional feedback equalizers.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The comma fields with fixed bit patterns are预先 placed at predetermined positions in the data frame before transmission. This preliminary arrangement allows the receiver to use these known patterns as reference points for synchronization and equalization, eliminating the need to wait for previous data decisions during the equalization process.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If a feedback path is used in the decision feedback equalizer, then equalization performance is improved, but operating speed decreases below 100 Gbps

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveequalization performanceVSAvoidoperating speed

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

By dividing the data stream into fixed frames with predetermined comma fields, the system enables parallel processing of multiple frames simultaneously. This segmentation removes the sequential data dependency that limits operating speed, allowing the equalizer to achieve 100 Gbps or higher throughput.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The predetermined comma fields act as known reference copies that are repeatedly inserted at fixed positions. These copies provide consistent reference patterns for the equalizer to lock onto, eliminating the need to process variable data patterns and enabling high-speed operation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #26Copying

3Speed

If data dependence is reduced, then operating speed increases, but feedback mechanism effectiveness may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveoperating speedVSAvoidfeedback mechanism effectiveness

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses the predetermined comma fields as feedback reference points. By comparing received comma fields with the known fixed patterns, the equalizer can continuously adjust and maintain equalization performance without requiring data dependency from previous decisions, thus preserving feedback effectiveness while enabling high-speed operation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentUS12418444B2Equalizers, communication systems and operating methods thereof

Publication Date: 2025.09.16 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

AI summary

A receiver for receiving a data signal, comprising, an analog-to-digital converter configured to convert the data signal into digital data, a first-in-first-out buffer configured to determine a frame boundary of the digital data by referring to a comma index to output the digital data in units of data frames according to the determined frame boundary, a decision feedback equalizer configured to process a data frame output from the first-in-first-out buffer through a decision feedback equalization operation, wherein feedback data used in the decision feedback equalization operation of the data frame uses a predetermined fixed pattern, and a comma detector configured to generate the comma index by comparing a determined value of the data frame with the predetermined fixed pattern. The data frame may include a preceding data field in which a message is stored and a subsequent comma field having the same bit value as the fixed pattern.