Flame Retardant Polystyrene Insulation via Particle Coating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional rigid polystyrene foam panels offer good thermal insulation but are combustible, posing fire safety risks, and existing flame-retardant modifications compromise thermal insulation or mechanical stability.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the partial coating of foamable or prefoamed polystyrene particles with an organic binder and flame retardants in powder form, followed by sintering, which enhances fire resistance while maintaining thermal insulation and mechanical stability by ensuring improved adhesion and reducing binder content.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by stationary object

If polystyrene particles are used to ensure good thermal insulation properties, then thermal insulation is improved, but fire resistance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal insulationVSAvoidfire resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by stationary objectVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses composite materials by combining polystyrene particles with flame retardant substances (such as magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, or intumescent agents) and binders to create a multi-functional insulation material that provides both thermal insulation and fire resistance simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The flame retardant coating is applied locally to the surface of polystyrene particles, creating a protective layer that provides fire resistance at the particle surface while maintaining the thermal insulation properties of the bulk polystyrene material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Object-affected harmful factors

If flame retardant substances are added to polystyrene foam, then fire resistance is improved, but thermal insulation properties deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefire resistanceVSAvoidthermal insulation
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSUse of energy by stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The flame retardant is segmented into fine particles and distributed as a coating on the surface of individual polystyrene particles rather than mixing it throughout the bulk material, thereby maintaining the thermal insulation properties of the polystyrene while providing fire protection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes the porous structure of the foam material to accommodate flame retardant substances within the cell structures, allowing fire protection without significantly increasing density or compromising thermal insulation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

3Strength

If binder content is increased to ensure mechanical stability, then mechanical strength is improved, but fire resistance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical stabilityVSAvoidfire resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the chemical composition and properties of the binder (such as using resins with specific fire-resistant characteristics or adjusting binder concentration) to achieve adequate mechanical strength with minimal binder content, thereby reducing fire risk

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The binder is formulated as a composite material incorporating fire-retardant additives or using inherently fire-resistant polymers that provide both mechanical binding functionality and enhanced fire resistance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Object-affected harmful factors

If non-combustible inorganic binders are used to ensure fire resistance, then fire resistance is improved, but binding power deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefire resistanceVSAvoidbinding power
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses composite binder systems that combine organic polymers with inorganic fire-resistant additives, achieving both adequate binding power and fire resistance through synergistic material combinations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

Inorganic fire-resistant materials are concentrated locally within the binder phase or at particle interfaces where they provide fire protection without significantly compromising the overall binding functionality of the organic polymer matrix

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method produces insulating elements with improved fire resistance, excellent thermal insulation, and high mechanical strength, using conventional production systems without the need for new technology, while minimizing binder content to prevent fire spread.

Implementation Method 1

placed in a mold and sintered with the addition of heat, so that the binder softens and causes the solids to stick together

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSintering: Sintering

Implementation Method 2

the binder softens and causes the solids to stick together

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal softening: Melting

Implementation Method 3

at least some of which are coated before being filled into a mold and sintered with an organic binder and a flame retardant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlame retardation:

Implementation Method 4

foamable and/or prefoamed polystyrene particles

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFoaming: Foam

Data Source

PatentEP2708668B1Method for producing a flame retardant insulating element, insulating element and use of an insulating element
Publication Date: 2014.12.31 STO SE & CO KGAA

AI summary

Producing flame-retardant insulating element using foamable and/or pre-foamed polystyrene particles whose at least one portion is coated before filling into a mold and sintering, comprises at least partially coating the foamable and/or pre-foamed polystyrene particles with an organic binder and a flame retardant. The binder and the flame retardant are used in powder form. An independent claim is also included for the insulating element which is impermeable to water and open to water vapor diffusion, produced by the above method.