Flame Retardant Wood Composition via Reduced-Pressure Injection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wood is vulnerable to fire, limiting its use as a building material despite its eco-friendly and aesthetic advantages.
Innovation Solution
A flame-retardant composition comprising boric acid, ammonium phosphate dibasic, ammonium borate octahydrate, sodium borate, and a solvent, applied to wood plates through a reduced-pressure injection method, enhancing the wood's flame-retardant properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If wood is used as building material, then eco-friendly and aesthetic properties are improved, but fire vulnerability increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining wood with a flame-retardant composition containing multiple chemical compounds (ammonium phosphate dibasic, ammonium borate octahydrate, sodium borate, boric acid, and potassium carbonate). This creates a composite structure where the flame-retardant agents are impregnated into the wood, providing fire protection while maintaining the wood's inherent properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the wood by introducing specific concentrations of flame-retardant compounds. The composition includes precise weight ratios: ammonium phosphate dibasic (3-6%), ammonium borate octahydrate (1-5%), sodium borate (0.5-3%), boric acid (0.4-1%), and potassium carbonate (3-6%), which fundamentally alters the wood's fire resistance properties.
2Reliability
If flame-retardant composition is applied to wood, then flame-retardant capability is improved, but mechanical properties may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by concentrating the flame-retardant composition specifically within the wood's cellular structure through reduced-pressure injection. The treatment is localized to where it is most needed (within the wood matrix) rather than forming a surface coating, which preserves the wood's overall mechanical integrity while providing fire protection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the porous structure of wood to absorb and retain the flame-retardant composition. The reduced-pressure injection method forces the composition into the wood's natural pores and cellular structure, where it is held in place without requiring additional binding agents that could compromise mechanical strength.
3Quantity of substance
If reduced-pressure injection method is used, then penetration depth of flame-retardant composition is improved, but processing time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by using reduced-pressure injection to pre-load the wood with flame-retardant composition before any drying or curing processes. This preliminary impregnation ensures deep penetration into the wood structure in advance, reducing the need for repeated treatments and minimizing total processing time.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses pneumatic principles by applying reduced pressure (vacuum) to force the flame-retardant composition into the wood. This pressure differential drives the composition deep into the wood's cellular structure efficiently, achieving thorough penetration faster than diffusion-based methods would allow.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method effectively enhances the flame-retardant capabilities of wood plates, meeting Class 3 flame-retardant standards and maintaining mechanical and aesthetic properties, suitable for applications in wooden structures like houses.
Implementation Method 1
injecting the mixture into the wood plate at a reduced pressure
Data Source
AI summary
A flame-retardant composition for wood comprises boric acid, ammonium phosphate dibasic, ammonium borate octahydrate, sodium borate, and a solvent.