Flexible Composite Packer for Aircraft OML Tolerance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current aircraft airframe production methods face challenges in achieving tight tolerance bounds for the Outer Mould Line (OML) of the fuselage, which affects the accuracy and consistency of the aircraft skin attachment and aerodynamic performance.

Innovation Solution

A flexible carbon fibre composite packer is used, sandwiched between the airframe and the aircraft skin, which can be machined to define a precise Inner Mould Line (IML), improving the attachment process and reducing the need for clamping devices, thereby enhancing the bond quality and reducing air entrapment and manufacturing tolerances.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If traditional rigid packers are used for airframe shaping, then structural support is provided, but achieving tight tolerance bounds for Outer Mould Line is difficult and air entrapment occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveOuter Mould Line toleranceVSAvoidclamping devices and air entrapment risk
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a flexible packer made from compliant material that can deform to conform to the airframe surface and define the desired Outer Mould Line. This flexibility eliminates the need for complex clamping devices while preventing air entrapment through conformal contact, directly resolving the technical contradiction between manufacturing precision and device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Solution Approach 2:

The packer's material properties are specifically designed to exhibit compliance and deformability, allowing it to adapt to surface variations and achieve tight tolerance bounds. The material parameter changes enable the packer to transition from a rigid support structure to a conformal shaping tool, improving OML precision without increasing device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Manufacturing precision

If tight tolerance bounds are enforced for OML, then aerodynamic performance is improved, but manufacturing complexity and time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveOuter Mould Line toleranceVSAvoidmanufacturing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The flexible packer is pre-formed to define the desired Outer Mould Line geometry before the skin attachment process. This preliminary shaping action eliminates the need for post-assembly adjustments or rework, achieving tight tolerance bounds while maintaining manufacturing efficiency and reducing overall production time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The packer serves as an intermediary tool between the airframe structure and the skin, providing a compliant surface that facilitates accurate skin attachment. This intermediary element absorbs manufacturing variations and enables tight tolerance achievement without requiring complex manufacturing processes or extending production time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The flexible packer allows for precise shaping and improved bonding of the aircraft skin to the airframe, ensuring the OML is within specified tolerance, enhancing the aerodynamic performance and reducing the risk of disbonds, moisture ingress, and corrosion.

Implementation Method 1

A flexible carbon fibre composite packer is used, sandwiched between the airframe and the aircraft skin, which can be machined to define a precise Inner Mould Line (IML)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMachining:

Implementation Method 2

A flexible carbon fibre composite packer is used, sandwiched between the airframe and the aircraft skin

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlexibility: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP4028323B1Packers for use in aircraft assembly
Publication Date: 2025.01.15 BAE SYSTEMS PLC
  • EP4028323B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4028323B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP4028323B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A packer (200) for application to an aircraft airframe (100), the packer (200) comprising: a sheet of material having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; and a plurality of voids (208) defined through the sheet of material from the first surface to the second surface, thereby to provide that the sheet of material is flexible. The sheet of material may define a frame (202) and a plurality of struts (202) extending from one side of the frame (202) to an opposite side of the frame (202). The frame (202) and the struts (206) may define, at least in part, the voids (208).