Flexible Electrode Sheet for Selective Wrist and Finger Stimulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current transcutaneous neuromuscular stimulation electrodes are large and have a single electrode, limiting selective stimulation of small muscle segments for fine wrist and finger control.
Innovation Solution
Flexible sheets with multiple small electrodes embedded within a non-conductive elastomeric polymer substrate, connected by conductive wires, allowing programmable spatial stimulation patterns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a single large electrode is used, then the device is simple and easy to manufacture, but selective stimulation of small muscle segments is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The single large electrode is divided into multiple small electrodes arranged in arrays on the flexible substrate. This segmentation enables selective stimulation of specific muscle segments by activating only the necessary electrodes, thereby achieving fine wrist and finger control while maintaining a relatively simple overall device structure.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the flexible substrate are equipped with electrodes of varying sizes and densities tailored to the specific stimulation requirements of different muscle groups. This local differentiation allows precise targeting of small muscle segments where needed while using larger electrodes for broader muscle groups, optimizing both selectivity and device simplicity.
2Manufacturing precision
If multiple small electrodes are used, then selective stimulation of small muscle segments is achieved, but the device becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple small electrodes are integrated onto a single flexible substrate, merging them into a unified device structure. This approach allows the electrodes to be manufactured together as an integrated unit rather than separately assembled, simplifying the manufacturing process while maintaining the capability for selective stimulation through programmable electrode activation patterns.
Solution Approach 2:
The flexible substrate with multiple electrodes serves multiple functions: it provides structural support, enables selective stimulation of various muscle groups, and allows for programmable spatial patterns. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional components and simplifies the overall manufacturing process despite the presence of multiple electrodes.
3Manufacturing precision
If electrodes are placed on the surface of the skin, then stimulation of skeletal muscle tissue is improved, but peripheral nerves deeper under the skin are not effectively targeted
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode array provides localized stimulation at multiple discrete points on the skin surface. By selectively activating specific electrodes, the system can target skeletal muscle tissue with precision while avoiding stimulation of deeper peripheral nerves, as the current is concentrated at specific superficial locations rather than diffusing to deeper structures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables selective stimulation of individual muscles or muscle groups, facilitating complex muscular movements by providing a customizable and flexible neuromuscular stimulation device.
Implementation Method 1
provide electrical stimulation to nerves and/or muscles to effectuate the intended action
Data Source
AI summary
A flexible sheet for neurostimulation is described having a flexible non-conductive substrate matrix in which electrodes are embedded along a lower surface. Electrically conductive wires extend from the electrodes through the flexible substrate to another exterior surface of the substrate. Methods of making the flexible sheet and making a device using the flexible sheet are also disclosed.