Flexible NF Instance Identification in 5G Core Networks

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current identification methods in 5G core networks and other communication networks are inflexible, limiting the ability to integrate different types of services across heterogeneous environments and operator domains.

Innovation Solution

The introduction of a flexible framework for identifying Network Functions (NFs) using a combination of a string and a type for the NFInstanceID, which can support multiple identity types such as UUID and SPIFFE, allowing for enhanced service identification and integration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a single fixed identification method (e.g., UUID only) is used for Network Functions, then the identification system is simple and consistent, but the system lacks flexibility to integrate different types of services across heterogeneous environments and operator domains

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflexibility of identification frameworkVSAvoidcomplexity of identification system
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The NFInstanceId is designed to support multiple identity types (UUID, SPIFFE, and custom types) within a single identification framework. The type field indicates which identification scheme is being used, allowing the system to universally handle different service types and heterogeneous environments through one unified mechanism rather than requiring separate identification systems for each type.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The NFInstanceId is segmented into two distinct parts: a type indicator and a value component. This segmentation allows the system to separately manage the identification scheme selection (type) and the actual identification data (value), providing flexibility in choosing different identification methods while maintaining a consistent overall structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Adaptability or versatility

If traditional identification methods are used, then the current system operates reliably with established protocols, but the ability to support future network functions and services is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesupport for future network functionsVSAvoidstability of identification protocol
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The identification framework is made dynamic by allowing the type field to indicate different identification schemes (UUID, SPIFFE, custom types). This enables the system to adapt to future network functions and services by introducing new identification types as needed, while existing types continue to operate reliably based on established protocols.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the parameter of identification type from a fixed single value to a selectable category. By modifying the type field to accept different values (UUID, SPIFFE, custom), the system can transition between different identification methodologies while maintaining the same overall NFInstanceId structure, ensuring both future adaptability and current reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If multiple identity types are supported in NFInstanceID, then service identification and integration across diverse environments is enhanced, but the complexity of managing different identity types increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveservice identification capabilityVSAvoidcomplexity of identity management
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The type field acts as an intermediary that mediates between different identity types and the rest of the system. By indicating which identification scheme is being used, the type field allows various identity types (UUID, SPIFFE, custom) to coexist without requiring the entire system to be aware of or handle each specific type's complexities, thus enhancing service identification while managing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP3937460B1Enhanced identification in communication networks
Publication Date: 2025.05.14 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP3937460B1 patent drawingFigure 1
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AI summary

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising receiving, by a network repository function, a request from a network function, wherein the request comprises a string associated with an instance identity of the network function, determining, by the network repository function, a type of the instance identity of the network function from a set of instance identity types, determining, by the network repository function, the instance identity of the network function based on the string associated with the instance identity of the network function and the type of the instance identity of the network function and transmitting, by the network repository function, a response to the network function, wherein the response depends on whether the instance identity of the network function was found in a list of network function instances registered at the network repository function.