Flexible PWM Sine Wave Generator for Low-Power Resolver Signals
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for generating analog sine waves for resolver sensors are rigid, leading to increased power consumption, die size, and processing costs due to fixed resolution and reliance on local memory or CPU-based approaches.
Innovation Solution
A flexible pulse width modulation (PWM) technique using a direct digital synthesis (DDS) with an internal PWM timer, coupled with a phase accumulator and phase-to-amplitude converter, allows dynamic frequency adjustment and reduced die size by generating digital sine values in real-time.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If conventional methods use fixed resolution and local memory or CPU-based approaches for generating analog sine waves, then the generation process is simple to implement, but power consumption increases and die size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic frequency adjustment capability through a programmable counter that can be configured with different prescaler values and period values. This allows the sine wave generator to adapt its operating parameters in real-time based on requirements, moving from fixed-resolution conventional approaches to a dynamic system that adjusts resolution and frequency as needed, thereby reducing unnecessary power consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes key parameters including resolution (from fixed to variable), frequency (programmable adjustment), and uses a flexible PWM timer with configurable prescalers. These parameter changes enable the system to operate efficiently at lower power by adjusting resolution to match actual requirements rather than using fixed high-resolution memory-based approaches.
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional methods use fixed resolution and local memory or CPU-based approaches for generating analog sine waves, then the implementation is straightforward, but die size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the sine wave generation function from traditional CPU-based or dedicated memory-based approaches and implements it using a specialized flexible PWM timer with integrated phase accumulator and CORDIC algorithm. This extraction eliminates the need for large local memory structures while maintaining generation capability, thereby reducing die size.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces memory-based storage and CPU computation with a hardware-based flexible PWM timer that uses a phase accumulator and CORDIC algorithm for real-time sine wave generation. This substitution eliminates the need for large memory arrays and complex CPU intervention, significantly reducing die size while improving efficiency.
3Device complexity
If conventional methods use fixed resolution approaches for sine wave generation, then the system is simple to design, but adaptability decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic frequency adjustment through a programmable counter with configurable prescaler and period registers. The system can adapt its operating frequency and resolution by loading different values into these registers, providing versatility while maintaining a relatively simple hardware structure based on the flexible PWM timer.
Solution Approach 2:
The flexible PWM timer is designed to perform multiple functions including sine wave generation, frequency adjustment, and resolution scaling. By making the timer universal and configurable, the patent achieves adaptability without requiring separate dedicated circuits for each function, thus balancing simplicity with versatility.
4Productivity
If conventional methods use CPU-based approaches for sine wave generation, then the system has high processing capability, but latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service by using a dedicated flexible PWM timer with integrated phase accumulator and CORDIC algorithm that autonomously generates sine waves without requiring CPU intervention. The hardware automatically performs the generation process, eliminating CPU bottlenecks and reducing latency while maintaining high processing capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a dedicated flexible PWM timer as an intermediary between the CPU and the sine wave output. This intermediary handles the computationally intensive generation process in hardware, freeing the CPU from direct involvement and reducing overall system latency while maintaining processing capability.
Data Source
AI summary
Apparatuses, systems, and methods for sine wave generation based on a flexible pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. An exemplary apparatus may comprise a sine wave generator circuitry and a pulse width modulation timer circuitry coupled to the sine wave generator circuitry. The sine wave generator circuitry may comprise a phase accumulator circuitry and a phase to amplitude conversion circuitry coupled to the phase accumulator circuitry. The phase accumulator circuitry may be configured to receive a digital input value and output phase values. The phase to amplitude conversion circuitry may be configured to receive the phase values and output digital sine values. The pulse width modulation timer circuitry may be configured to receive the digital sine values and output at least one pulse width modulation signal for generation of an analog carrier wave signal. A frequency of the analog carrier wave signal may be based on the digital input value.