Floating Field Ring Termination Design for Power Semiconductors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current power semiconductor devices with floating field ring (FFR) terminations face challenges in achieving optimal safe operating area without increasing the wafer area, especially for high-voltage components, due to complex design requirements and limitations in silicon carbide process technology.

Innovation Solution

A power semiconductor device design featuring a two-zone linear ring-to-ring separation formula for floating field rings, where the separation increment changes significantly between zones, optimizing the safe operating area without increasing the wafer area occupied by the FFR termination.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If a FFR termination is designed with constant ring-to-ring separation, then the manufacturing process is simple, but the safe operating area is not optimized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidsafe operating area
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The termination region is segmented into two distinct zones with different ring-to-ring separation characteristics. The first zone has a smaller separation distance to concentrate field control near the active area, while the second zone has a larger separation to extend protection outward. This segmentation allows optimization of both safe operating area and manufacturing simplicity by addressing different functional requirements in different regions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different ring-to-ring separation distances are applied locally to different zones within the termination region. The first zone employs a smaller separation distance to effectively control electric field distribution near the active area, while the second zone uses a larger separation. This local differentiation optimizes the safe operating area without requiring complex manufacturing processes throughout the entire structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If the number of floating field rings is increased to achieve higher breakdown voltage, then the breakdown voltage increases, but the wafer area occupied by the FFR termination increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebreakdown voltageVSAvoidwafer area
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The ring-to-ring separation distance is made dynamic rather than constant, with the first zone having a smaller separation and the second zone having a larger separation. This dynamic configuration allows the FFR termination to achieve higher breakdown voltages with fewer rings by concentrating the field control effect where it is most needed (near the active area), thereby reducing the total wafer area required compared to uniform separation designs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Reliability

If complex analytical methods are used to optimize FFR termination design, then the breakdown voltage is optimized, but the computational effort and design complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebreakdown voltageVSAvoiddesign complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The design parameters are simplified by establishing a two-zone structure with defined separation characteristics rather than requiring complex continuous optimization. The first zone uses a smaller ring-to-ring separation and the second zone uses a larger separation, providing a practical parameter configuration that achieves good breakdown voltage performance without requiring complex analytical methods or high computational effort for design optimization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3545557B1Power semiconductor device with floating field rings termination
Publication Date: 2020.12.30 ABB POWER GRIDS SWITZERLAND AG
  • EP3545557B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3545557B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3545557B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In a power semiconductor device (1) of the invention a total number n of floating field rings (10_1 to 10_n) formed in a termination area (TR) is at least 10. For any integer i in a range from i = 2 to i = n, a ring-to-ring separation di,i-1 between an i-th floating field ring and a directly adjacent (i-1)-th floating field ring, when counting the floating field rings (10_1 to 10_n) along a straight line starting from a main pn-junction (11) and extending in a lateral direction away from the main pn-junction (11), is given by the following formula: formula (I) for i = 2 to n, wherein d1,0 is a distance between the innermost floating field ring (10_1) closest to the main pn-junction (11) and the main pn-junction (11), and wherein: Δ zone1 − 0.05 ⋅ Δ zone2 < Δj < Δ zone1 + 0.05 ⋅ Δ zone2 for j = 1 to l-2, 2 ⋅ Δ zone2 <|Δj| < 10 ⋅ Δ zone2 ⋅ for j = l-1 0,95 ⋅ Δ zone2 < Δj < 1,05 ⋅ Δ zone2 for j = l to n-1, Δ zone2 > 0.1 μm, and −ΔΔ zone2 /2 < Δ zone1 <Δ zone2 /2, wherein I is an integer, for which 3 ≤ l ≤ n/2.