Floating Filter Media Filtration System with Dual Aperture Tanks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional filtration systems face challenges in achieving uniform and efficient backwashing of floating filter media layers while maintaining low costs, especially when treating sewage with varying flow rates due to changes in weather conditions, leading to inefficient filtration performance and increased costs for facility specifications.
Innovation Solution
A filtration system comprising two tanks with different aperture ratios for their upper screens, where the first tank has a smaller aperture ratio for low flow rates and the second tank has a larger aperture ratio for high flow rates, along with an inflow blocking mechanism to switch between them based on flow conditions, ensuring uniform backwashing and efficient filtration regardless of flow variations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a small aperture ratio is used for uniform backwashing under low flow conditions, then backwashing uniformity is improved, but filtration efficiency and cost-effectiveness deteriorate under high flow conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The system is divided into multiple filtration tanks (first tank with small aperture ratio, second tank with large aperture ratio) that can operate independently or in parallel. This segmentation allows each tank to be optimized for specific flow conditions, resolving the contradiction between backwashing uniformity and filtration efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically switches between different tank configurations based on flow rate conditions. The inflow blocking mechanism enables transition from single-tank operation to multi-tank operation, adapting the system's effective aperture ratio to match current operational requirements.
2Productivity
If a large aperture ratio is used for efficient filtration under high flow conditions, then filtration productivity is improved, but backwashing uniformity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system separates the backwashing function from the filtration function by using different tanks for different conditions. The second tank with large aperture ratio handles high-flow filtration, while the first tank with small aperture ratio handles uniform backwashing, eliminating the trade-off.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the effective aperture ratio parameter based on operational conditions. By switching between tanks with different aperture ratios, the system optimizes the parameter for current needs: small aperture for backwashing uniformity, large aperture for filtration efficiency.
3Device complexity
If a single aperture ratio is used for all conditions, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability to varying flow rates deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The filtration system achieves multi-functionality by incorporating tanks with different aperture ratios that can handle different flow conditions. This universal design allows the system to adapt to both low-flow and high-flow scenarios, as well as both filtration and backwashing operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs dynamic configuration through the inflow blocking mechanism, which enables real-time adaptation to varying flow rates. This dynamic capability allows the system to switch between different operational modes without physical reconfiguration.
4Adaptability or versatility
If multiple tanks with different aperture ratios are used for flow rate adaptation, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the filtration function across multiple specialized tanks, each optimized for specific conditions. This segmentation improves adaptability while keeping each individual tank relatively simple in design.
Solution Approach 2:
The inflow blocking mechanism automatically directs flow to appropriate tanks based on current conditions, reducing the need for complex external control systems. The system essentially self-regulates its configuration based on operational requirements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves both uniform backwashing and efficient filtration with reduced costs by adapting to varying flow rates, using the appropriate tank configuration and aperture ratios to manage fine and coarse suspended solids effectively under different weather conditions.
Implementation Method 1
sewage is passed upward through the floating filter media layer and the suspended solids (SS) in the sewage are captured by the floating filter media layer, thus the sewage is filtered
Implementation Method 2
backwash water is passed downward through the floating filter media layer and the captured suspended solids are discharged by spreading the floating filter media downward, thus the floating filter media layer is backwashed
Data Source
AI summary
The filtration system of the present invention comprises first and second filtration tanks. The first filtration tank has a first floating filter media layer, a first upper screen with a first aperture ratio, a first inlet, a first backwash water supply source, and a first backwash water outlet means. The second filtration tank has a second floating filter media layer, a second upper screen with a second aperture ratio, a second inlet, an inflow blocking mechanism capable of blocking inflow of water to be treated through the second inlet, a second backwash water supply source, and a second backwash water outlet means. The first aperture ratio is smaller than the second aperture ratio.