Flow Guide Device for Additive Manufacturing Powder Layer Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

In additive manufacturing processes, uncontrolled fluid flows from known flow devices lead to contamination and process disruptions due to turbulence, resulting in reduced component quality.

Innovation Solution

A layer construction device with a flow guide device featuring a controllable guide element that directs and homogenizes the fluid flow over the powder layer, using a nozzle-like outlet and inlet arrangement to minimize turbulence and ensure targeted application of protective gases.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a flow device with nozzle-like outlet opening is used to generate fluid flow over the powder layer, then protective gas can be applied to the powder layer, but the fluid flow becomes uncontrolled and turbulent causing contamination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess reliabilityVSAvoidcontamination
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A flow guide device is introduced as an intermediary component between the flow device and the powder layer. This flow guide device includes guide elements that channel and direct the fluid flow in a controlled manner, preventing direct uncontrolled jet impact on the powder layer and thereby reducing turbulence and contamination while maintaining protective gas application functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Device complexity

If the fluid flow is generated without guide elements, then the device complexity is reduced, but the fluid flow spreads uncontrollably causing dust and contaminants to disperse

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidcomponent quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The flow guide device is divided into multiple guide elements that can be independently positioned and configured. These segmented guide elements work together to shape the fluid flow path, allowing precise control over flow distribution across the powder layer while keeping individual components simple and the overall structure modular

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Device complexity

If the guide element is fixed, then the device complexity is reduced, but the guide element cannot adapt to different powder layer positions during coater movement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidadaptability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The guide element is designed with movable characteristics, allowing it to dynamically adjust its position relative to the powder layer. This dynamic capability enables the guide element to maintain proper alignment and flow guidance functionality as the coater moves and applies new powder layers, adapting to changing process conditions without requiring complex reconfiguration mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enables more reliable and higher-quality additive production by effectively guiding fluid flows, reducing contamination and improving process control, thus enhancing the quality of component layers.

Implementation Method 1

a flow guide device, which comprises at least one guide element for guiding the fluid flow over at least a region of the powder layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow guidance:

Implementation Method 2

at least one radiation source for generating at least one energy beam for layer-by-layer and local melting and/or sintering of the material to form a component layer by selectively irradiating the material the at least one energy beam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser heating: Laser

Implementation Method 3

The component material is then locally solidified by supplying energy to the material in the area of the assembly and joining zone using at least one energy beam, whereby the material melts or sinters

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Implementation Method 4

The component material is then locally solidified by supplying energy to the material in the area of the assembly and joining zone using at least one energy beam, whereby the material melts or sinters

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSintering: Sintering

Implementation Method 5

At least one powdery material is first applied in layers in the area of a build-up and joining zone using a coater in order to form a powder layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPowder application:

Data Source

PatentEP3720633B1Layering manufacturing apparatus for additive manufacturing at least a portion of a component and operation method thereof
Publication Date: 2022.08.17 MTU AERO ENGINES GMBH
  • EP3720633B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

The invention relates to a layering apparatus (10) for the additive manufacture of at least one component region of a component by means of an additive layering method. The layering apparatus (10) comprises at least one coater (16) for applying at least one powder layer of a material to a build-up and joining zone (18), at least one radiation source for generating at least one energy beam for layer-by-layer or local melting and/or sintering of the material to form a component layer by selective irradiation of the material with the at least one energy beam in accordance with a predetermined coating strategy, and a flow device (26), by means of which a fluid flow over the powder layer can be generated. The layering apparatus (10) also has at least one flow-guiding device (28), which comprises at least one guide element (28a, 28b) for guiding the fluid flow over at least a region of the powder layer. The invention also relates to a flow-guiding device (28) for a layering apparatus (10) of this nature, and to a method for operating a layering apparatus (10) of this kind.