Flow Ratio Controller Using Pressure Models Instead of Flow Meters

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional flow ratio controllers in semiconductor manufacturing suffer from inaccuracies and slow response times due to the use of mass flow meters and pressure sensors that can introduce errors in flow ratio distribution.

Innovation Solution

The use of piezoelectric valves and shared inlet pressure sensors, combined with valve flow models and pressure sensors, allows for precise control of gas distribution without the need for flow sensors, enabling accurate and repeatable gas delivery to multiple channels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If mass flow meters and pressure sensors are used in conventional flow ratio controllers, then flow measurement and control capability is provided, but measurement accuracy and response time deteriorate due to errors in flow ratio distribution

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflow ratio distribution accuracyVSAvoidflow control accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes mass flow meters from the system entirely, extracting the problematic measurement component that introduced errors. Instead of using mass flow meters to measure and control flow ratios, the invention relies solely on pressure sensors and valve position sensors combined with flow models, eliminating the source of measurement errors and improving flow ratio distribution accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Productivity

If conventional pressure sensors and mass flow meters are used, then flow control function is achieved, but response time becomes slow

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse timeVSAvoidcontrol adjustment time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical measurement system (mass flow meters) with a computational approach using pressure sensors, valve position sensors, and flow models. This substitution eliminates the mechanical measurement bottleneck and enables faster digital processing of flow control calculations, significantly improving response time and reducing control adjustment time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Quantity of substance

If multiple sensors including mass flow meters are used, then comprehensive flow measurement is achieved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas flow measurement capabilityVSAvoidsensor system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the functions of mass flow meters and pressure sensors into a unified measurement approach using only pressure sensors combined with valve position sensors and flow models. This consolidation reduces the number of separate measurement devices needed, simplifying the sensor system while maintaining comprehensive gas flow measurement capability through computational methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances stability, accuracy, and response times in gas distribution systems by using inlet and outlet pressure sensors, along with valve position sensors, to maintain predetermined flow ratios and pressure ranges, improving consistency and cost-effectiveness.

Implementation Method 1

The use of piezoelectric valves and shared inlet pressure sensors, combined with valve flow models and pressure sensors, allows for precise control of gas distribution

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoelectric effect: Piezoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP4603943A1Flow ratio controllers with mass accumulation compensation and gas distribution systems utilizing mass accumulation compensation
Publication Date: 2025.08.20 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC
  • EP4603943A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4603943A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4603943A1 patent drawingFigure 4A~4B

AI summary

Disclosed example flow ratio controllers include: an inlet; an inlet pressure sensor; first and second outlets; first and second flow valves; first and second position sensors; first and second outlet pressure sensors; and control circuitry configured to: control the first flow valve and the second flow valve based on a predetermined flow ratio for the first outlet and the second outlet, an inlet pressure, the first valve position, the second valve position, the first outlet pressure, and the second outlet pressure; determine a rate of change of the inlet pressure based on measurements from the inlet pressure sensor; and based on the inlet pressure and the rate of change of the inlet pressure, control the first flow valve and the second flow valve to maintain the inlet pressure within a predetermined range of a predetermined inlet pressure.