Flow Path Resistor Layout for Compact Cooling Water Backflow Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
In gas turbines, cooling water introduced into heat transfer tubes experiences high pressure at central positions and low pressure at peripheral positions, leading to evaporation and backflow during heat exchange, and existing flow path resistors fail to effectively suppress backflow without increasing occupancy area.
Innovation Solution
A flow path resistor with an outer frame member featuring contraction flow portions and enlarged diameter portions, arranged in a winding shape to increase fluid resistance, and split plates that further divide the flow path, ensuring high-pressure cooling water is effectively drawn out and backflow is suppressed in a small occupancy area.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional flow path resistor structure is used, then the occupancy area is reduced, but the ability to suppress backflow of cooling water is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The flow path resistor is divided into multiple resistance-imparting portions (first, second, third, etc.) arranged in series along the flow direction. Each portion contains contraction flow portions and enlarged diameter portions that work together to create resistance. This segmentation allows the resistor to achieve high backflow suppression capability through cumulative resistance while maintaining a compact overall structure, resolving the contradiction between reliability and occupancy area.
Solution Approach 2:
The resistance-imparting portions are arranged not only in the flow direction (longitudinal dimension) but also in the radial direction within the heat transfer tube. Multiple portions are positioned at different radial locations, creating a three-dimensional resistance network. This multi-dimensional arrangement maximizes the use of available space within the tube, achieving high backflow suppression without increasing the tube's outer dimensions, thus resolving the occupancy area constraint.
2Reliability
If cooling water is introduced at low pressure to outer peripheral heat transfer tubes, then the heat exchange is gentler, but the cooling water evaporates before reaching the other-side ends and flows back
Solution Approach 1:
The flow path resistor is installed at the one-side ends of the heat transfer tubes where cooling water is introduced. This preliminary placement ensures that resistance is applied immediately as cooling water enters the tubes, preventing low-pressure water from evaporating due to heat exchange with compressed gas. The resistor maintains positive pressure throughout the flow path, ensuring cooling water reaches the other-side ends without backflow, thus resolving the reliability and temperature contradiction.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively suppresses backflow of cooling water in heat transfer tubes, reducing evaporation and maintaining high-pressure flow, even in a compact design, thereby enhancing the efficiency of heat exchange in gas turbines.
Implementation Method 1
a first contraction flow portion configured to contract flow of the cooling water
Implementation Method 2
the plurality of resistance-imparting portions are disposed adjacent to each other... capable of suppressing backflow of cooling water
Data Source
AI summary
A plurality of resistance-imparting portions (34A to 34E) are disposed adjacent to each other. A first contraction flow portion forming one of the resistance-imparting portions (34A to 34E) adjacent to each other is in communication with an enlarged diameter portion forming another resistance-imparting portion. First contraction flow portions (32AH to 32DH) forming the resistance-imparting portions (34A to 34E) adjacent to each other are disposed at different positions in a direction in which an outer frame member (31) extends.