Fluid Filter Using Galvanic Micro-cells for Biofilm Inhibition

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for inhibiting the proliferation of biological material on solid surfaces can be harmful to the environment, and there is a need for a solution that can effectively prevent the accumulation of biological material in non-solid media without causing environmental damage.

Innovation Solution

A fluid filter with a particle bed of filter particles designed to form galvanic micro-cells with a micro-anode and micro-cathode in the presence of moisture, generating reactive oxygen species that inhibit the proliferation of biological material by attacking nucleic acids and proteinogenic amino acids.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If copper or silver compounds are used as protective layers to inhibit biological material proliferation, then the apathogenic effect is improved, but environmental harm increases due to toxicity and accumulation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveapathogenic effectVSAvoidenvironmental harm
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the chemical mechanism from direct metal ion toxicity to electrochemical reactive oxygen species generation. By creating galvanic micro-cells with different redox potentials, the system generates antimicrobial reactive oxygen species through electrochemical reactions, eliminating the need for toxic metal compounds while maintaining apathogenic effectiveness

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the chemical mechanism (metal ion release and binding) with an electrochemical mechanism (galvanic micro-cell reactions generating reactive oxygen species). This substitution eliminates environmental toxicity while preserving the ability to inhibit biological material proliferation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If metal ions are released to disrupt cell membrane transport functions, then the antimicrobial effect is improved, but harm to higher organisms increases through the same mechanisms

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantimicrobial effectVSAvoidharm to higher organisms
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention creates localized electrochemical reactions at the surface of filter particles where reactive oxygen species are generated. This localized action targets biological material in direct contact with the filter surface while avoiding widespread release of harmful substances into the environment that could affect higher organisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention converts the harmful effect of metal ion toxicity into a beneficial electrochemical process. By using galvanic micro-cells to generate reactive oxygen species, the system achieves antimicrobial effectiveness through oxidation rather than ion binding, eliminating harm to higher organisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Reliability

If protective layers are applied to solid surfaces to prevent biofilm formation, then the protection effect is improved, but applicability to non-solid media decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection effectVSAvoidapplicability to non-solid media
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The invention creates a universal solution that works for both solid surfaces and non-solid media. The galvanic micro-cell filter particles can be applied in fluidized bed reactors for liquid treatment or in air filtration systems, providing broad applicability across different media types while maintaining the protection effect

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The fluid filter effectively prevents the proliferation of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms by disrupting their vital functions without releasing harmful substances into the environment, making it suitable for use in various liquid and gaseous media, including air and water systems.

Implementation Method 1

each of the filter particles is designed such that it forms a galvanic micro-cell with a micro-anode and a micro-cathode in the presence of moisture

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGalvanic micro-cell: Fuel Cell

Implementation Method 2

In the presence of moisture, the galvanic microcells (micro-galvanic elements) of the filter particles form. This can create (micro-)electric fields. Reactive oxygen radicals such as hyperoxides (superoxides) and hydroxyl radicals are electrochemically formed at the microcathode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReactive oxygen species formation: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentEP4461398A1Fluid filter for inhibiting biological material propagation, method for producing the fluid filter
Publication Date: 2024.11.13 SIEMENS AG
  • EP4461398A1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1C
  • EP4461398A1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP4461398A1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

The invention relates to a fluid filter for inhibiting the proliferation of biological material in a fluid, wherein the fluid filter comprises a particle bed with a plurality of filter particles, each filter particle being configured such that, in the presence of moisture, it forms a galvanic microcell with a microanode and a microcathode. Furthermore, a method for manufacturing a fluid filter is described, comprising the following manufacturing steps: a) providing a starting particle bed with a plurality of filter particles, and b) converting the starting particles into the filter particles, each filter particle being configured such that, in the presence of moisture, it forms a galvanic microcell with a microanode and a microcathode. Finally, a use of the fluid filter for inhibiting the proliferation of biological material in a fluid is described.In this process, the fluid filter and the fluid are brought into contact. For example, the fluid is passed through the particle bed of the fluid filter. Finally, a computer program is provided to simulate the fluid filter's function of inhibiting the proliferation of biological material within the fluid. The fluid filter, or a specific function of the fluid filter, is simulated.