Fluid Injector Armature Coupling for Precise Dosing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Internal combustion engines face challenges in achieving precise fluid dosing, particularly for small quantities, due to stringent emission regulations which require improved combustion processes.
Innovation Solution
A fluid injector design featuring a valve body with a recess, axially movable valve needle, mechanically coupled springs, and a solenoid drive that actuates armatures to enable precise fluid flow control through mechanical decoupling and coupling mechanisms, allowing for varied dosing intensities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a conventional fluid injector is used, then the structure is simple, but the dosing precision for small quantities of fluid is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The injector is divided into multiple functional segments: a valve body with recesses, multiple armatures (first, second, and third armatures) that can move independently, multiple springs (first, second, and third springs) with different preloads, and a solenoid drive with multiple windings. This segmentation allows each component to contribute to specific dosing precision while maintaining overall system manageability.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs dynamic mechanical coupling between armatures and springs. The first armature couples to the valve needle, the second armature couples to the first armature, and the third armature couples to the second armature. This dynamic coupling chain allows precise control of fluid flow by selectively engaging different armature-spring combinations, enabling accurate dosing of small fluid quantities.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple springs with different preloads are used, then the dosing control is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple armatures and springs are merged into an integrated coupling system. The first armature couples to the valve needle, the second armature couples to the first armature, and the third armature couples to the second armature. This merging creates a unified control mechanism where different spring preloads work together to provide versatile dosing control, justifying the increased component count through functional integration.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention utilizes springs with different preload parameters to achieve various dosing levels. By varying the preload of each spring (first spring with lower preload, second spring with higher preload, third spring with highest preload), the system can adapt to different fluid quantities required for combustion, enabling precise control across a range of operating conditions.
3Measurement precision
If a solenoid drive with multiple windings is used, then the actuation precision is improved, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The solenoid drive is segmented into multiple windings (first, second, and third windings) that can be independently controlled. Each winding corresponds to a specific armature and can be activated selectively based on the required dosing level. This segmentation allows for precise actuation control while maintaining manageable manufacturing complexity through modular construction.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise and controlled fluid dosing into internal combustion engines, enhancing combustion efficiency and reducing emissions by allowing precise determination of fluid quantity delivered.
Implementation Method 1
a solenoid drive being designed and arranged to magnetically actuate the first armature and the second armature to move axially
Implementation Method 2
a first spring which is preloaded to exert a force on the valve needle towards the injection nozzle; a second spring which is preloaded to exert a force on the second armature
Data Source
AI summary
A fluid injector has a valve body with a recess in which a valve needle is arranged axially movable preventing a fluid flow and being mechanically coupled to an axial end of a first spring preloaded to exert a force on the valve needle. A first armature is mechanically coupled to the valve needle. A second armature is arranged in the recess axially movable away and towards a protrusion of the valve body mechanically coupled to an axial end of a second spring preloaded exerting a force on the second armature which is arranged and designed such that from a closing to a first given position, the first and second armature are mechanically decoupled, and from the first given position further away from the closing position, the first and second armature are mechanically coupled. A solenoid drive magnetically actuates the first and second armature to move axially.