Fluid Distribution Manifolds for Microfluidic Chip Interconnects
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Solution Overview
Problem
Microfluidic systems face challenges in connecting fluidic and electronic sources to microfluidic chips efficiently, particularly in multiplexing designs, and integrating electrical control, which requires skilled operators and is cumbersome for multiple samples and analysis techniques.
Innovation Solution
The development of fluid distribution manifolds that route fluids from one inlet location to multiple outlet locations within a microfluidic chip using a press-fit combination of an insert member and a manifold base, reducing the number of direct interconnects needed and enabling closed-channel fluid routing, along with cartridges that include conductive reservoirs for voltage application and electrical interconnects.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a large pipette or plumbing interface is used to make external fluidic connections to a chip, then fluidic connection is achieved, but the interface consumes large area and constricts overall device size
Solution Approach 1:
The insert member with fluid distribution channels is nested within the manifold base, creating a compact integrated structure. The channels are formed within the thickness of the insert member, allowing fluid distribution functionality to be embedded without increasing the lateral footprint of the device.
Solution Approach 2:
The fluid distribution channels are implemented in the vertical dimension (through the thickness of the insert member) rather than requiring lateral expansion. This allows multiple fluid pathways to be packed into a small planar area by utilizing the third dimension.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple direct interconnects are made to multiple locations on a chip, then fluid routing capability is improved, but device complexity and size increase
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple fluid distribution functions are merged into a single integrated manifold component. The insert member combines multiple channels, reservoirs, and connection points into one unified structure that interfaces with the chip at a single location, rather than requiring separate connections for each fluid pathway.
Solution Approach 2:
The manifold base serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides structural support, creates fluid distribution channels, forms reservoirs, and establishes electrical connections through conductive pins. This multi-functionality reduces the number of separate components needed.
3Adaptability or versatility
If conductive pins are placed in open fluid-filled reservoirs to apply voltage, then electrical control is achieved, but the system requires skilled operators and is cumbersome for multiple samples
Solution Approach 1:
The system is designed to automatically establish electrical connections when the insert member is inserted into the manifold base. The conductive pins automatically engage with corresponding contact points on the insert member, eliminating the need for manual wire connections or skilled operational procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The electrical connection pathways are pre-configured within the molded insert member during manufacturing. Conductive traces are embedded in the plastic structure, and connection points are pre-positioned to automatically align with the manifold base pins during insertion, preparing the system for automatic operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution simplifies the connection of fluidic and electronic sources to microfluidic chips, reduces device size, and allows for automated microfluidic analysis without requiring skilled operators, enhancing efficiency and usability for multiplexing applications.
Implementation Method 1
fluids may be routed to a plurality of locations on a microfluidic chip
Implementation Method 2
fluid motion may be controlled using the application of one or more voltages to the fluids—e.g. to effect electrophoretic flow
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of fluid distribution manifolds, cartridges, and microfluidic systems are described herein. Fluid distribution manifolds may include an insert member and a manifold base and may define a substantially closed channel within the manifold when the insert member is press-fit into the base. Cartridges described herein may allow for simultaneous electrical and fluidic interconnection with an electrical multiplex board and may be held in place using magnetic attraction.