Fluidic Autosampler with Pneumatic Mixing and Temperature Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current automated sampling systems are inadequate for biological cellular analysis using Laser Force Cytology (LFC) due to lack of accurate and consistent nanoliter flow rate control, adequate sample mixing, and reliable temperature control for sample handling.
Innovation Solution
The development of devices capable of automated nano/micro/millifluidic sampling from containers ranging from single wells to multiple multi-well plates, with features such as pneumatic non-contact mixing, temperature-controlled plate blocks, and ultraviolet sterilization to maintain biological cellular integrity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Extent of automation
If conventional automated sampling systems are used, then automation is achieved, but accurate nanoliter flow rate control and consistent sampling precision are not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs pneumatic pressure control systems to achieve precise nanoliter flow rate control. Pneumatic pressure controllers regulate the pressure differential across flow control elements, enabling accurate and consistent nanoliter sampling while maintaining automation. This resolves the contradiction by providing a control mechanism that achieves both automation and measurement precision.
2Extent of automation
If conventional sampling systems are used, then sampling is automated, but adequate sample mixing is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates mechanical vibration mechanisms that generate controlled oscillations within the sampling system. These vibrations promote adequate mixing of samples while maintaining automation. The vibration frequency and amplitude are controlled to ensure homogeneous mixing without compromising the automated sampling process.
3Extent of automation
If conventional systems are used, then sampling is automated, but reliable temperature control for sample handling is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements temperature control by dynamically adjusting thermal parameters through controlled heating or cooling elements. Temperature sensors provide feedback to controllers that modify thermal input to maintain precise temperature conditions for sample handling during automated operations. This resolves the contradiction by enabling reliable temperature control within the automated system.
4Ease of operation
If biological samples are handled without specialized control, then sampling is simplified, but biological cellular integrity is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates controlled inert environments within sampling chambers that protect biological samples from contamination and maintain cellular integrity. These controlled environments isolate samples from harmful factors while allowing automated sampling operations to proceed simply and effectively.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These devices enable precise and consistent sampling, effective mixing, and controlled temperature conditions, thereby ensuring the integrity and stability of biological samples for LFC analysis.
Implementation Method 1
sample mixing by injecting small air bubbles in to the sample well or vial
Implementation Method 2
aspirating and dispensing the sample or air through the use of a vacuum pump
Implementation Method 3
create a sterile-field around a needle and well-plate area using means such as ultraviolet radiation
Implementation Method 4
controlling the temperature of the samples through the use of thermoelectric cooling modules. By reversing the current across the modules, the thermoelectric coolers are also capable of modifying the temperature, heating or incubating the sample
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are devices for automated analysis of one or more samples in single or multi-well plates or vessels, wherein the process of automated analysis comprises automated flow, wherein the samples comprise liquid or particles in a sample vessel, and wherein the devices comprise an assembly of components that enable processing of a sample for analytical assessment by fluidic and/or particle based instruments. Automated flow may comprise systems for moving samples including vacuum systems, pressure-based systems, pneumatic systems, pumps, peristaltic pumps, diaphragms, or syringes. The devices may comprise an assembly of components that enable movement in X, Y, and Z dimensions, as well as switches, microfluidic tubing, well plate block, electronic pressure controllers, pneumatic or fluidic mixing devices, components for fluid handling, sampling vessels, and mechanical components for translating or transporting system components.