Fluidic Cartridge for Real-Time Analyte Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current point-of-care testing methods lack an integrated solution for sample acquisition, testing, analysis, and communication of results, and are inadequate for monitoring pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of drugs, leading to delayed data response and poor patient compliance, which can result in adverse drug reactions.
Innovation Solution
A fluidic device with a cartridge containing a sample collection unit and an assay assembly that collects and processes bodily fluid samples, allowing for real-time detection of analytes using immunoassays and wireless communication of results, enabling efficient data transmission and monitoring of drug efficacy and toxicity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional laboratory analyses are used to determine pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, then measurement precision can be achieved, but loss of time increases due to sample processing delays and patient visits to clinics
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the testing process into discrete functional modules: sample collection unit, assay assembly with reaction sites, and communication assembly. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function efficiently and enables parallel processing of multiple samples, reducing overall test time while maintaining precision through dedicated assay chambers
Solution Approach 2:
The device performs preliminary sample collection and processing at the point-of-care location before laboratory analysis would be needed. By collecting and preparing samples locally with the integrated assay assembly, the system eliminates the time loss associated with transporting samples to laboratories and waiting for processing results
2Measurement precision
If multiple blood samples are collected at different time points to monitor drug parameters, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity and loss of time increase due to multiple patient visits
Solution Approach 1:
The assay assembly is designed with multiple reaction sites that can accommodate different assays for various analytes within a single device. This multi-functionality allows the system to perform multiple measurements (pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters) in one integrated platform, eliminating the need for separate testing devices and reducing overall system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The system merges sample collection, sample processing, multiple assays, and communication capabilities into a single integrated device. By combining these functions that would traditionally require separate laboratory instruments and manual processes, the device reduces complexity while enabling comprehensive monitoring of multiple parameters across different time points
3Measurement precision
If pre-processing of blood samples is performed before analysis, then measurement precision improves, but loss of time increases and productivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The sample collection unit performs preliminary sample preparation activities locally at the point-of-care location, including sample stabilization and initial processing steps. By completing these pre-processing actions before the actual assay, the system prepares samples in advance without delaying the main analysis, thereby maintaining both precision and productivity
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated device enables continuous sample processing and assay execution without interruption. The automated fluidic system maintains continuous flow from sample collection through processing to analysis, eliminating idle time and delays associated with manual sample transfer and processing steps, thus improving overall productivity while preserving measurement precision
4Productivity
If an integrated solution for sample acquisition, testing, analysis and communication is implemented, then productivity and ease of operation improve, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The device employs a nested architecture where the sample collection unit, assay assembly with multiple reaction sites, and communication assembly are integrated within a compact cartridge format. This nesting allows multiple functional components to be contained within a small footprint, improving productivity and ease of operation while managing device complexity through modular integration
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated device performs self-contained operations including automatic sample collection, processing, assay execution, and data communication without requiring external laboratory infrastructure. This self-service capability improves productivity by eliminating the need for multiple separate processes while managing complexity through automated integrated control rather than manual coordination of separate systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates rapid, convenient, and accurate detection of analytes in bodily fluids, improving patient monitoring and compliance, and reducing adverse drug reactions by providing real-time data on drug efficacy and toxicity.
Implementation Method 1
the assay assembly comprises at least one reaction site containing a reactant that reacts with the analyte to yield a signal indicative of the presence of the analyte
Data Source
AI summary
This invention is in the field of medical devices. Specifically, the present invention provides portable medical devices that allow real-time detection of analytes from a biological fluid. The methods and devices are particularly useful for providing point-of-care testing for a variety of medical applications.