Fluidic Test Cartridge Layout for Multi-Assay Sample Handling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fluidic cartridges for biological sample analysis are limited to single tests per cartridge, are costly due to complex configurations, and require multiple devices for multi-step protocols, leading to inefficiencies and potential errors.
Innovation Solution
A cartridge utilizing EWOD and tip/tilt fluidic manipulation with on-board reagents and channels for multiple tests, controlled by a computing device, enabling simultaneous performance of complex assays like immunoassays and PCR on a single sample.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a cartridge is designed to perform multiple tests with on-board reagents and channels, then the productivity and versatility are improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cartridge is divided into multiple independent channels, each capable of performing a separate test with its own reagents and detection reservoirs. This segmentation allows multiple tests to be conducted simultaneously on a single sample while maintaining manageable complexity through modular design
Solution Approach 2:
The cartridge design enables a single cartridge to perform multiple different tests (e.g., immunoassays, PCR) using the same sample and infrastructure. The universal platform supports various assay types through standardized channels and detection mechanisms, improving productivity without proportionally increasing complexity
2Ease of operation
If EWOD and tip/tilt fluidic manipulation are used to automate fluidic movements, then the ease of operation is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) technology to enable droplets to self-manipulate through the cartridge channels based on electrode activation patterns. The fluidic manipulation is automated through electrical signals that control surface tension, reducing the need for mechanical pumps or valves while maintaining ease of operation
Solution Approach 2:
Mechanical fluid handling systems (pumps, valves, syringes) are replaced with an electrical field-based EWOD system. The tip/tilt mechanism uses gravitational forces combined with electrical control to manipulate fluid flow, substituting complex mechanical actuation with simpler electrical and gravitational forces
3Loss of time
If multiple channels with on-board reagents are integrated into a single cartridge, then the loss of time is reduced, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
Reagents are pre-loaded into reservoirs within the cartridge during manufacturing, and the cartridge is designed with pre-defined fluidic paths. This preliminary preparation eliminates the need for separate reagent addition steps during testing, reducing time to result while allowing for standardized manufacturing processes that can accommodate the precision requirements
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates multiple tests on a single sample with minimal user interaction, reducing costs and time to result, and improving accuracy by automating fluidic movements and sample interactions.
Implementation Method 1
electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) technologies
Implementation Method 2
surface treatments with specific liquid contact angles (capillary forces)
Implementation Method 3
gravitational forces
Data Source
AI summary
A cartridge for testing a sample is disclosed. In some examples, the cartridge includes a plurality of electrodes, a sample reservoir comprising an inlet and a sample gate, and at least one channel, wherein each channel of the at least one channel is in selective fluidic communication with the sample reservoir. In some examples, each channel of the at least one channel includes a channel gate, reagent reservoir, a reagent gate, a detection reservoir, and an analysis location. In some examples, the cartridge also includes a tip axis, and the tip axis is transverse to the at least one channel and a tilt axis of the cartridge.