Fluidic Chip Magnetic Separation for Centrifuge-Free Nucleic Acid Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing nucleic acid extraction methods require centrifugation, which is cumbersome, difficult to implement on-site, prone to cross-contamination, and user skill-dependent, and cannot be easily integrated into a single chip process.
Innovation Solution
An extraction device and method using a magnetic solution with opposite polarity to the elution solution to repel and separate the elution solution from a porous membrane, allowing extraction without centrifugation, utilizing a magnetic force to recover the elution solution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If centrifugation is used for nucleic acid extraction, then extraction efficiency is improved, but device complexity and operation difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical centrifugation system with a magnetic field-based separation system. Magnetic particles bound to nucleic acids are separated using magnetic forces instead of centrifugal forces, eliminating the need for centrifugation devices while maintaining extraction efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the separation mechanism from mechanical (centrifugal) to magnetic by introducing magnetic particles and applying magnetic fields. This parameter change allows nucleic acid separation without requiring high-speed centrifugation, simplifying the device and operation.
2Manufacturing precision
If centrifugation is used for nucleic acid extraction, then extraction purity is improved, but risk of cross-contamination increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical centrifugation with magnetic field-based separation, which allows for more controlled and contained processing. The magnetic separation occurs in a closed system with magnetic particles, reducing the risk of cross-contamination compared to open centrifugation processes.
3Measurement precision
If centrifugation is used for nucleic acid extraction, then extraction accuracy is improved, but ease of operation decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical centrifugation operations with simpler magnetic field-based separation. The magnetic particles automatically bind to nucleic acids and can be separated by applying a magnetic field, eliminating the need for skilled operation of centrifugation equipment.
4Reliability
If centrifugation is used for nucleic acid extraction, then extraction reliability is improved, but adaptability to on-site use decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the need for centrifugation devices with a magnetic field-based system that can be implemented in simpler, more portable configurations. This enables reliable nucleic acid extraction in on-site applications where centrifugation equipment is unavailable.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient nucleic acid extraction without centrifugation, reducing cross-contamination risks and skill dependence, and facilitating on-site use by integrating multiple steps on a single chip.
Implementation Method 1
a magnetic solution having magnetism and having a different polarity from a polarity of the elution solution such that magnetic solution is not mixed with the elution solution
Implementation Method 2
a magnetic force applicator for applying a magnetic force to the collection chamber, wherein when the magnetic solution passes through the porous membrane, the elution solution remaining in the porous membrane is repelled from the porous membrane due to the different polarity of the magnetic solution from the polarity of the elution solution
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to an extraction apparatus, extraction method, and fluidic chip for extracting a target material. In the extraction apparatus according to the present invention, in a state in which a target material is bound to a porous film in an extraction kit, when an elution solution and a magnetic solution sequentially pass, the elution solution remaining in the porous film is pushed out by the magnetic solution due to a difference in polarity, and collected in a collection chamber. In addition, even in the collection chamber, the elution solution and the magnetic solution are maintained in a stacked state due to different polarities, and in a state in which the magnetic solution in the collection chamber is physically separated from the elution solution by magnetism of a magnetism applicator, the elution solution in the collection chamber may be recovered. Accordingly, after the elution solution is collected in the collection chamber along with the magnetic solution, in a state in which the magnetic solution in the collection chamber is physically separated from the elution solution by magnetism, the elution solution may be recovered.