Fluidization Device for Additive Manufacturing Coating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing additive manufacturing devices face challenges in optimizing the coating properties of building material layers, which affect the quality of three-dimensional objects produced, due to complex material-related influences and interactions between building material particles.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a fluidization device to generate a gas flow or mechanical vibrations that partially fluidize the building material, thereby reducing chemical-physical interactions and improving lifting and coating properties, and a vibration device to compact the material layers, enhancing their density and structure.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If building material particles are applied in layers for additive manufacturing, then three-dimensional objects can be produced by selective solidification, but the coating properties and lifting behavior of the building material are poor due to complex material-related influences and interactions between particles

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating propertiesVSAvoidmaterial-related influences
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies mechanical vibrations to the building material particles before and during the coating process. A vibration device is integrated into the coating mechanism to vibrate the particles, which reduces inter-particle friction and improves flow characteristics. This enables better coating properties and lifting behavior without requiring complex material formulations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical state and parameters of the building material particles through fluidization and vibration. By controlling particle temperature, moisture content, and vibration frequency, the material exhibits improved flow and coating characteristics. This allows standard materials to achieve better performance without complex material science interventions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of operation

If building material layers are formed for selective solidification, then three-dimensional objects can be manufactured additively, but the lifting or coating properties of the building material need optimization due to gravitational forces and particle interactions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelifting propertiesVSAvoidgravitational forces
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

Mechanical vibrations are applied to counteract gravitational forces acting on the building material particles. The vibration device creates upward accelerations that reduce the effective gravitational force, improving particle lift and coating application. This enables reliable material handling without increasing material density or using complex conveying mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

Solution Approach 2:

The patent incorporates a fluidization device that uses gas or liquid flow to fluidize the building material particles. This pneumatic approach reduces the effective weight of particles by creating upward drag forces that counterbalance gravity, significantly improving lifting properties and enabling smooth material flow to the coating zone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

3Manufacturing precision

If particle morphology and composition are optimized to improve coating properties, then building material layers can be formed better, but the approach becomes comparatively complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating propertiesVSAvoidmaterial selection complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of optimizing particle morphology and composition, the patent uses mechanical vibration to improve coating properties. Standard particles can be used as-is, and the vibration device enhances their flow and coating characteristics. This simplifies material manufacturing while achieving better coating quality through physical rather than chemical means.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex material science approaches with a mechanical solution. Rather than carefully controlling particle morphology, size distribution, and chemical composition to achieve good coating properties, a vibration mechanism is introduced that physically enhances particle behavior. This substitution simplifies material manufacturing while maintaining or improving coating quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The fluidization and vibration techniques enhance the coating and lifting properties of building material layers, leading to improved additive manufacturing outcomes by reducing gravitational forces and promoting a denser packing of particles, resulting in better quality three-dimensional objects.

Implementation Method 1

at least partially fluidizing the building material that can be applied in a building material layer to be selectively solidified or the building material that has (already) been applied in a building material layer that is to be selectively solidified

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluidization: Fluidisation

Implementation Method 2

generate mechanical vibrations causing at least section-wise fluidization of the building material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical vibrations: Vibration

Implementation Method 3

introduce mechanical vibrations into the layer of building material at least in certain areas for the purpose of compacting a layer of building material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical vibrations: Vibration

Implementation Method 4

successive selective solidification of individual building material layers made of solidifiable particulate building material by means of an energy beam generated by a radiation generating device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEnergy beam solidification: Laser

Data Source

PatentEP3287259B1Apparatus for additive manufacturing of at least one three-dimensional object
Publication Date: 2021.07.14 CL SCHUTZRECHTSVERW
  • EP3287259B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3287259B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3287259B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Device (1) for the additive manufacturing of at least one three-dimensional object (2) by successive selective solidification of individual layers of building material (3) from solidifiable particulate building material (4) by means of an energy beam (6) generated by a radiation generating device (5), comprising at least one radiation generating device (5) for generating an energy beam (6) and at least one coating device (9) for forming a layer of building material to be solidified in a building plane (3), characterized by at least one fluidization device (10) which is configured for at least section-wise fluidization of the building material (4) that can be applied as a layer of building material to be selectively solidified and/or of the building material (4) applied as a layer of building material to be selectively solidified.