Fluidized-Bed Pyrolysis Furnace With CO2-to-Methane Recycling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing combustion processes emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and existing methods to capture and store carbon dioxide are costly and require additional equipment.
Innovation Solution
A treatment apparatus with a fluidized-bed furnace having separate pyrolysis and combustion chambers, an electrolysis device to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and a methanation reactor to convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methane, using CO2-free power and oxygen-free fluidizing gases to minimize atmospheric emissions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If carbon dioxide is recovered and stored in the ground, then carbon dioxide emission is reduced, but additional equipment and higher costs are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the carbon dioxide recovery function with the existing combustion exhaust gas treatment system. The carbon dioxide separation unit is integrated into the combustion chamber exhaust flow, allowing carbon dioxide to be recovered and reused as a fluidizing gas in the same system that generates it, eliminating the need for separate capture and storage equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses the carbon dioxide generated by its own combustion process as a resource rather than waste. The carbon dioxide from the combustion chamber is separated and returned to the system to serve as fluidizing gas, making the system self-sufficient and eliminating external carbon dioxide emission without requiring additional equipment.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If carbon dioxide is completely combusted with oxygen, then high-concentration carbon dioxide is recovered, but additional equipment and higher costs are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gas stream using a separation unit. This extracted carbon dioxide is then returned to the system as fluidizing gas, achieving high-concentration carbon dioxide recovery without requiring complete combustion with additional oxygen supply equipment.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If fluidized medium is moved from combustion chamber to pyrolysis chamber, then carbon dioxide emission is reduced, but fluidizing gas consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent recovers carbon dioxide that would otherwise be discarded into the atmosphere and reuses it as fluidizing gas in the combustion chamber and pyrolysis chamber. This recovery and reuse reduces carbon dioxide emission while maintaining fluidizing gas consumption within acceptable limits through efficient recycling.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus theoretically eliminates atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions by converting it into methane, reducing the need for separate carbon dioxide capture equipment and increasing efficiency and compactness.
Implementation Method 1
an electrolysis device configured to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen
Implementation Method 2
a methanation reactor configured to produce methane from carbon dioxide discharged from the combustion chamber and the hydrogen
Implementation Method 3
pyrolyzing the raw material in the pyrolysis chamber
Implementation Method 4
combusting a residue of the raw material in the combustion chamber
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a technique for treating a raw material, such as combustible waste, and more particularly to combustion, and pyrolysis and gasification treatment techniques that does not emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. A treatment apparatus includes a fluidized-bed furnace having a pyrolysis chamber and a combustion chamber therein, the pyrolysis chamber and the combustion chamber are separated by a partition wall, an electrolysis device configured to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, a methanation reactor configured to produce methane from carbon dioxide discharged from the combustion chamber and the hydrogen, a first fluidizing-gas supply line configured to supply a first fluidizing gas to the pyrolysis chamber, and a second fluidizing-gas supply line configured to introduce a second fluidizing gas to the combustion chamber, the second fluidizing gas including the oxygen and a part of the carbon dioxide.