Fluidized Bed Solid Circulation via Pressure Difference
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for solid circulation between fluidized bed reactors require additional gas injection, which increases costs and complexity, especially at high temperatures and pressures, and often rely on inert gases or steam for separation, complicating system design and operation.
Innovation Solution
A fluidized bed circulation system utilizing pressure and density differences between fluidized bed reactors, with pressure control valves, loop seals, and cyclones to manage internal pressures and facilitate solid circulation without the need for solid spray nozzles or screw conveyers, allowing for efficient solid circulation at lower pressure differences.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If additional gas injection is used for solid circulation between fluidized bed reactors, then solid circulation is achieved, but system complexity and operational costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses the reactors' own pressure and density differences to drive solid circulation, eliminating the need for external gas injection systems. The fluidized beds self-regulate flow through inherent pressure gradients, making the circulation system self-sufficient without additional gas injection equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts and utilizes the inherent pressure and density differences that already exist between fluidized bed reactors, removing the need for complex external gas injection systems. By taking out only the essential pressure control valves and loop seals while leveraging natural density gradients, the system achieves simplification.
2Productivity
If high pressure and temperature conditions are maintained for reactions, then reaction efficiency improves, but preheating and pressurization costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system merges the pressure control and solid circulation functions into a unified mechanism. The same pressure differences that drive solid circulation are also utilized for maintaining reaction conditions, eliminating the need for separate preheating and pressurization systems and reducing energy consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the approach from active parameter control (external gas injection for pressurization) to passive parameter utilization (natural pressure and density differences). By allowing pressure and temperature to be maintained through the circulation process itself rather than external input, energy costs are reduced.
3Productivity
If inert gas or steam is used for separation in fast fluidized bed, then solid-gas separation is achieved, but system design and operation become more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The invention introduces loop seals as intermediary components that facilitate solid-gas separation without requiring inert gas or steam. The loop seals act as mediators that allow solids to pass while blocking gas, simplifying the separation process and eliminating the need for complex gas injection and separation systems.
4Productivity
If flow velocity of fast fluidized bed is increased to increase solid circulation amount, then solid circulation rate improves, but gas consumption and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system generates its own circulation driving force through natural pressure and density differences between reactors. Instead of requiring continuous high-velocity gas injection to maintain circulation, the system uses its own inherent gradients to sustain solid flow, dramatically reducing gas consumption while maintaining circulation rates.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables effective solid circulation between fluidized bed reactors with reduced gas requirements and operational complexity, maintaining efficient solid-gas contact and reducing costs associated with high-pressure gas injection and preheating.
Implementation Method 1
a fluidized bed circulation system utilizing pressure and density differences between fluidized bed reactors
Implementation Method 2
a fluidized bed circulation system utilizing pressure and density differences between fluidized bed reactors
Implementation Method 3
A gas-solid fluidized bed is a device that changes the behavior of solid particles to be similar to that of fluids by inserting solid particles into a fluidized bed reactor, injecting gases through a plenum and a gas distributor in a lower portion of the reactor, and floating the solid particles
Implementation Method 4
a plurality of cyclones which separate gases and entrained solids discharged from each of the plurality of fluidized bed reactors
Implementation Method 5
pressure control valves which are formed in each gas vent of a plurality of cyclones and control the internal pressure of each the plurality of fluidized bed reactor
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is provided to overcome problems of conventional methods using each of a solid discharge nozzle and a screw conveyer. According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a fluidized bed system is provided to circulate solids using pressure and density difference. More particularly, a fluidized solid circulation system using pressure and density difference is characterized by comprising: a first fluidized bed reactor; a second fluidized bed reactor; a first cyclone; a second cyclone; a first pressure control valve; a second pressure control valve; a lower loop seal; an upper loop seal; and a control part, thereby circulating the solids between the first fluidized bed reactor and the second fluidized bed reactor.