Fluidized Feed Charging Device for Uniform Particulate Delivery

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fluidized feed bin systems for particulate materials in flash smelting and similar applications face issues with non-uniform feed flow, leading to poor oxygen efficiency, variable metallurgy, increased copper losses, and segregation of feed components, resulting in incomplete combustion and reduced combustion plume uniformity.

Innovation Solution

A feed charging device with a fluidized holding vessel and a windbox that uses fluidizing gas to create a uniform suspension of particulate feed, combined with an adjustable discharge aperture and control mechanisms to ensure spatial and temporal uniformity of feed delivery, reducing low-frequency fluctuations and particle segregation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If conventional mechanical feed systems (drag chains, screw conveyors) are used to deliver particulate feed material, then the feed can be transported to the burner, but the feed is delivered in discrete packets causing low-frequency feed pulsations and incomplete combustion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefeed deliveryVSAvoidcombustion completeness
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical feed delivery systems (drag chains, screw conveyors) with a pneumatic fluidization system. Gas is introduced through a distribution plate to fluidize the particulate feed material in a holding vessel, allowing continuous, uniform delivery to the burner without mechanical contact. This substitution eliminates the packet-based delivery mechanism that causes pulsations and enables smooth, controlled feed flow for complete combustion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs pneumatic principles by using gas flow through a distribution plate to fluidize and suspend particulate feed material in a holding vessel. The gas-particle interaction creates a fluid-like state that allows continuous, uniform discharge through an aperture, replacing mechanical conveyance with pneumatic suspension and transport to eliminate feed pulsations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

2Productivity

If air-slides are used to transmit feed material, then the feed can be conveyed, but low-frequency feed pulsations are transmitted to the burner instead of being eliminated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefeed conveyanceVSAvoidfeed flow uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical air-slide conveyance system with a pneumatic fluidization system. Instead of using gravity and friction-based mechanical sliding that transmits pulsations, the system uses gas fluidization to create a suspended, fluid-like state of feed material that can be uniformly discharged, eliminating the transmission of low-frequency pulsations to the burner.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Reliability

If alternative bin designs with mass-flow hopper are used, then the flushing phenomenon can be reduced, but the bin size must be increased or capacity severely decreased

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefeed flow stabilityVSAvoidbin size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSVolume of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the feed material from the traditional large bin structure and holds it in a compact fluidized state within a smaller holding vessel. By using gas fluidization to maintain the feed in a suspended, ready-to-discharge state, the system achieves reliable feed flow stability without requiring the large bin volume needed for mass-flow hopper designs to prevent flushing phenomena.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical state parameter of the feed material from static granular material to fluidized suspended material. By introducing gas flow to alter the feed's physical state, the system achieves reliable, controllable discharge from a compact vessel, avoiding the need for large bin sizes required by conventional mass-flow designs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Productivity

If feed systems deliver non-uniform feed distribution, then the equipment can operate, but oxygen efficiency deteriorates and copper losses to slag increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecombustion operationVSAvoidoxygen efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical feed delivery systems with pneumatic fluidization to achieve uniform, axisymmetric feed distribution around the burner. This substitution ensures consistent feed flow patterns that optimize combustion efficiency and minimize oxygen waste, preventing the energy losses associated with non-uniform feed delivery in conventional mechanical systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution achieves improved combustion performance by ensuring axisymmetric and spatially uniform feed distribution, reducing low-frequency fluctuations, and maintaining consistent feed rate, thereby enhancing oxygen efficiency and reducing copper losses to slag.

Implementation Method 1

supplying a fluidizing gas to a fluidizing portion in the holding vessel to achieve a fluidized bed of the particulate feed material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluidisation: Fluidisation

Data Source

PatentEP3011244B1Feed flow conditioner for particulate feed materials
Publication Date: 2019.10.02 HATCH LTD
  • EP3011244B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3011244B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3011244B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A feed charging device comprises a holding vessel having an interior chamber for holding a reserve of a solid particulate feed material in a fluidized state, wherein the feed material is held in said fluidized state in a lower zone of the interior chamber. The feed material is supplied to the interior chamber through at least one outlet opening, and is discharged from the interior chamber through at least one outlet opening. The at least one outlet opening is in flow communication with the lower zone of the interior chamber. A gas supply means supplies a fluidizing gas to the lower zone of the interior chamber, and an outlet conduit in flow communication with the at least one outlet opening receives said feed material discharged from the interior chamber.