Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy Parallel Detection
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TR-LIFS) methods face challenges in achieving real-time, wavelength-resolved analysis due to the need for repeated measurements and time-consuming switching between wavelengths, limiting the ability to characterize biological samples effectively.
Innovation Solution
A device and system comprising a distal and proximal part with an optical assembly that includes wavelength splitting filters and an optical delay element, allowing for the simultaneous collection and analysis of spectral bands with controlled time delays, enabling real-time characterization of biological samples.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a scanning monochromator is used to select wavelengths one at a time, then spectral resolution is improved, but measurement time increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the broadband emission signal into multiple spectral bands simultaneously using wavelength splitting filters (e.g., dichroic mirrors, beam splitters). Each spectral band is directed to a separate detection channel, allowing parallel measurement of multiple wavelengths without sequential scanning. This segmentation approach maintains spectral resolution while eliminating the time penalty of sequential wavelength selection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from one-dimensional sequential wavelength scanning to multi-dimensional parallel spectral band detection. By using optical assemblies that split the signal into multiple spatial paths (different dimensions), the system captures spectral information across multiple wavelengths simultaneously, converting a time-consuming sequential process into a parallel spatial process.
2Measurement precision
If repeated measurements are performed to resolve spectral components, then spectral analysis accuracy is improved, but real-time characterization capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements continuous real-time spectral analysis by maintaining constant optical excitation and simultaneous detection across multiple spectral bands. The system continuously monitors fluorescence emission without interruption or repeated measurements, enabling real-time characterization of biological samples while maintaining spectral analysis accuracy through parallel multi-wavelength detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses preliminary wavelength splitting of the broadband emission signal into distinct spectral bands before detection. By pre-separating the spectral components using optical filters and beam splitters, the system enables simultaneous detection of multiple wavelengths in a single measurement cycle, eliminating the need for repeated measurements to resolve spectral features.
3Ease of operation
If traditional LIFS methods are used to detect fluorescence intensity, then detection simplicity is maintained, but ability to distinguish fluorophores with similar emission spectra deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces dynamic temporal resolution by measuring fluorescence decay profiles at multiple time points after excitation. While the optical setup remains relatively simple, the system dynamically captures the time-evolution of fluorescence emission, adding a temporal dimension that enables discrimination of fluorophores with similar spectral characteristics but different decay kinetics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds a temporal dimension to the traditional spectral detection approach. By measuring fluorescence intensity as a function of time after excitation pulse, the system transforms a purely spectral analysis problem into a multi-dimensional problem involving both spectral and temporal characteristics, enabling better fluorophore discrimination without complicating the optical detection setup.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise, real-time characterization of biological samples with high specificity and sensitivity, distinguishing between different tissue types such as normal, benign, malignant, and inflamed tissues, with the ability to apply time delays to spectral bands for improved temporal resolution.
Implementation Method 1
LIFS has the ability to reveal both qualitative and quantitative information about the chemical or biochemical composition of an organic sample. LIFS has been applied in the diagnostic chemistry and medical fields to non-invasively provide information about biological systems in vivo.
Implementation Method 2
The optical assembly may be configured to split the responsive fluorescence signal at pre-determined wavelength ranges to obtain a plurality of spectral bands
Implementation Method 3
The optical assembly may include an optical delay element configured to apply a time delay to the spectral bands
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein are devices, systems, and methods for characterizing a biological sample in vivo or ex vivo in real-time using time-resolved spectroscopy. A light source generates a light pulse or continuous light wave and excites the biological sample, inducing a responsive fluorescent signal. A demultiplexer splits the signal into spectral bands and a time delay is applied to the spectral bands so as to capture data with a detector from multiple spectral bands from a single excitation pulse. The biological sample is characterized by analyzing the fluorescence intensity magnitude and/or decay of the spectral bands. The sample may comprise one or more exogenous or endogenous fluorophore. The device may be a two-piece probe with a detachable, disposable distal end. The systems may combine fluorescence spectroscopy with other optical spectroscopy or imaging modalities. The light pulse may be focused at a single focal point or scanned or patterned across an area.