Fluorescent Species Estimation via Phasor Polygon Lookup
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for analyzing fluorescent samples based on fluorescence lifetime are computationally expensive and inaccurate, often taking 2-3 hours to process and failing to verify all possible solutions when the distance between centers of gravity is zero.
Innovation Solution
A method that generates polygons on a semicircle in phasor space, calculates barycenters, and selects the polygon with the minimum distance to the signal's center of gravity to estimate primary components, reducing processing time and improving accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If iterative search techniques (fitting or geometric minimization algorithms) are used to calculate primary fluorescence components, then the calculation can be performed, but the computational time exceeds 2-3 hours and the accuracy is poor when distance between centers of gravity is zero
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-calculates and stores the coordinates of all possible polygons' centers of gravity in a lookup table before actual analysis. This preliminary action eliminates the need for iterative calculations during runtime, reducing computational time from hours to seconds while maintaining accuracy by directly comparing stored coordinates with measured signal coordinates.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a simplified model by representing fluorescence signals as points in phasor space and using pre-computed polygon centers of gravity as reference patterns. This copying approach replaces complex iterative fitting with direct pattern matching, significantly reducing computational burden while preserving measurement accuracy.
2Reliability
If geometric minimization algorithms generate and compare multiple polygons for each harmonic component, then primary components can be identified, but the processing becomes very expensive in terms of computational time
Solution Approach 1:
All possible polygon configurations and their centers of gravity are pre-calculated and stored in a lookup table. During actual analysis, the system only needs to retrieve and compare these pre-computed values with the measured signal, eliminating repeated geometric calculations and大幅提高 processing speed while maintaining reliable component identification.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a fixed number of harmonics (typically 3-5) sufficient for accurate analysis rather than analyzing all possible harmonics. This partial action approach achieves reliable results with reduced computational effort by focusing on the most informative frequency components.
3Ease of manufacture
If the algorithm passes to the next harmonic without verifying further possible solutions when distance between centers of gravity is zero, then the algorithm is simpler, but the accuracy is poor as further possible solutions are not verified
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the iterative mechanical search process with a direct lookup and comparison method. By storing all possible polygon centers of gravity in advance, the system eliminates the need for iterative verification while maintaining completeness of solution search, achieving both simplicity and accuracy simultaneously.
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention relates to a method for estimating fluorescent species in a fluorescent sample (C) capable of emitting a fluorescent signal (S), wherein said fluorescent signal (S) can be represented through phasors (F), comprising the following steps: a. generating a semi circumference (1), associable to said fluorescent signal (S) emitted by said fluorescent sample (C), on a Cartesian plane of coordinates (g,s) in the phasor space (F); b. defining a maximum number of primary components (N) in which said fluorescent signal (S) is to be divided; c. defining, for a first number of components N=2 and for the first harmonic H=1, a plurality of points (P) of coordinates (g(1), s(1)) on said semi circumference (1) ; d. for each of said components (N), generating a plurality of possible polygons (K) whose vertices (V) coincide with a number of points of said plurality of points (P) equal to the number of components (N) defined in said step c.; e. calculating the coordinates (g',s') of the barycenter Bp of each polygon of said plurality of possible polygons (K); f. saving the vertices (V) and the barycenters (Bp) of all polygons of said plurality of possible polygons (K) generated in said step d.; g. repeating said steps d.-f., for each harmonic following said first harmonic H = 1; h. repeating said step g., for each number of components (N) following said first number of components N=2; i. acquiring said fluorescent signal (S); j. defining the number of components (N) in which said fluorescent signal (S) is to be divided; k. calculating the barycenter (B) of said fluorescent signal (S) in coordinates (g, s); l. selecting at least one possible polygon of said plurality of polygons (K) whose barycenter (BP) is at the minimum distance from said barycenter (B) calculated in said step k.; m. calculating the lifetimes (τ) of the (N) primary components from the coordinates (g, s) of the vertices (V) of said at least one possible polygon selected in said step 1.; n. sending the values of the lifetimes (τ), calculated in said step m., to said interface (I). The present invention also relates to a system (Z) which implements the method.