Fluorinated Anode Compounds for Stable Fluoride-Ion Intercalation

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Fluorine batteries face challenges due to significant volume changes in the active electrode material during conversion reactions, leading to loss of physical contact and deterioration of electrochemical performance.

Innovation Solution

Development of fluorinated compounds that allow reversible insertion or removal of fluoride ions with minimal volume changes, specifically compounds of formula (I) and (II) with specific metal compositions and structures, enabling improved intercalation performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If conversion-type active material is used in fluorine batteries, then high energy density can be achieved, but significant volume changes occur during redox reactions leading to loss of physical contact and deterioration of electrochemical performance

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveenergy densityVSAvoidelectrochemical performance

Core Design Contradiction:

Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the fundamental reaction mechanism parameter from conversion reaction to intercalation reaction. This parameter change allows the material to maintain structural integrity while achieving high energy density through reversible fluoride ion insertion and extraction, thereby resolving the contradiction between energy density and electrochemical performance stability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite material design by combining specific host lattice structures with metal elements (A x NiF 2 where A is Na, K, Li, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba). This composite approach creates a robust intercalation material that maintains structural stability during cycling while providing high energy density, thus resolving the contradiction between reliability and energy density

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Use of energy by moving object

If conversion reaction is used, then high energy density is achieved, but significant volume change results in loss of physical contact between electrode material, conductive particles, and electrolyte

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveenergy densityVSAvoidvolume stability

Core Design Contradiction:

Use of energy by moving objectVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the reaction type parameter from conversion to intercalation, which fundamentally alters the volume behavior during electrochemical cycling. The intercalation mechanism enables reversible fluoride ion insertion/extraction with minimal lattice expansion/contraction, maintaining shape stability while achieving high energy density

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of accepting volume expansion as inevitable in conversion reactions, the patent inverts the approach by selecting intercalation materials where volume remains stable. This inversion of the conventional high-energy-density-achieved-through-conversion approach resolves the contradiction between energy density and volume stability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

3Reliability

If traditional insertion materials are used, then structural stability is maintained, but lower energy density is achieved compared to conversion-type materials

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvestructural stabilityVSAvoidenergy density

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs composite intercalation materials with specific compositions (A x NiF 2 with various metal elements) that simultaneously provide structural stability for reversible cycling and high energy density through optimized fluoride ion capacity. This composite approach resolves the contradiction between structural stability and energy density by achieving both properties in a single material system

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality optimization by selecting specific metal elements and stoichiometric ratios in the intercalation compound to enhance both structural stability and energy density locally within the crystal lattice, while maintaining overall material stability during electrochemical cycling

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The proposed fluorinated compounds achieve improved cycling performance with reduced degradation of the anode and higher energy density compared to traditional insertion materials.

Implementation Method 1

fluorine ions can be inserted into or removed from the host lattice in a reversible manner, with very small volume changes during the redox reaction

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectRedox reactions: Redox Reactions

Data Source

PatentEP4535442A1Fluorinated compounds, methods for preparing same, and uses thereof, in particular for preparing fluorine battery anodes

Publication Date: 2025.04.09 COMMISSARIAT A LENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES

Figure 1A~1B

AI summary

The present invention relates to novel fluorinated compounds and their preparation methods. The invention also relates to the use of said compounds for the preparation of active materials for fluorine batteries, in particular for fluorine battery anodes, for the preparation of fluorine batteries themselves, as well as said active materials and said batteries per se.