Fluorinated Coupling Agent Adhesion Mechanism
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Solution Overview
Problem
The industry faces challenges in achieving effective adhesion of fluorinated free-radically polymerizable materials, as existing coupling agents do not adequately address this issue.
Innovation Solution
A polymerizable composition comprising a fluorinated monomer or oligomer combined with a coupling agent featuring a (meth)acryl terminal group, a terminal silane with hydrolysable groups, and a perfluorooxyalkylene or perfluorooxyalkyl moiety, which includes compounds with specific formulas and reaction products to enhance adhesion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If conventional coupling agents are used with fluorinated monomers, then polymerization can proceed, but adhesion of the cured material is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The coupling agent combines multiple functional groups into a single molecule: (meth)acryl terminal groups for polymerization, silane groups with hydrolysable moieties for substrate bonding, and perfluorooxyalkylene/perfluorooxyalkyl groups for compatibility with fluorinated polymers. This composite structure enables simultaneous achievement of polymerization reactivity and adhesion strength.
Solution Approach 2:
The coupling agent acts as an intermediary substance between the fluorinated polymer and the substrate. The perfluorooxyalkylene/perfluorooxyalkyl groups provide compatibility with fluorinated polymers, the silane groups bond to the substrate, and the (meth)acryl groups enable polymerization, thus mediating the bond between dissimilar materials.
2Adaptability or versatility
If fluorinated content of the coupling agent is increased to improve compatibility, then polymerization reactivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
Different parts of the coupling agent molecule have different functions: the perfluorooxyalkylene/perfluorooxyalkyl groups provide local compatibility with fluorinated polymers, the (meth)acryl terminal groups provide local polymerization reactivity, and the silane groups provide local substrate bonding capability. This local differentiation allows the molecule to excel at multiple functions simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The coupling agent uses specific parameter ranges: perfluorooxyalkylene groups with 2-6 perfluorinated carbon atoms, perfluoropolyether units with 2-25 repeating units, and controlled ratios of fluorinated content (2-20 wt%). These parameter optimizations balance compatibility and reactivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The described solution improves the adhesion of cured fluorinated materials, forming a stable and effective bond, particularly suitable for use in fluorinated free-radically polymerizable compositions.
Implementation Method 1
a terminal silane comprising hydrolysable groups
Implementation Method 2
a terminal silane comprising hydrolysable groups
Implementation Method 3
fluorinated free-radically polymerizable materials
Implementation Method 4
improve adhesion of fluorinated free-radically polymerizable materials
Data Source
AI summary
A polymerizable composition is described comprising a fluorinated monomer, oligomer, or mixture thereof; and a coupling agent comprising a (meth)acryl terminal group, a terminal silane comprising hydrolysable groups and a perfluorooxyalkylene or perfluorooxyalkyl moiety. Also described are compounds and methods.