Fluorinated Dioxolane Electrolytes for Fast-Charging Li-Ion Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing lithium-ion battery electrolytes face challenges with flammability, chemical stability, fast charging performance, cycling stability, and environmental impact, particularly during high and low temperature conditions, leading to issues like lithium plating, increased impedance, and gassing.
Innovation Solution
Incorporation of fluorine-containing dioxolane compounds as organic solvents in battery electrolyte formulations, with specific concentrations, to enhance solubility and conductivity, reduce flammability, and improve cycling stability across various temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If typical electrolyte solvents are used to facilitate ion flow, then conductivity is improved, but flammability increases creating safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by incorporating fluorinated cyclic carbonate compounds (1,3-propanesultone and/or 1,4-butanesultone) at specific concentrations (0.1-5% and 1-10% by weight respectively) into the electrolyte formulation. This chemical parameter modification reduces flammability while maintaining the necessary ionic conductivity for battery operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining multiple components: cyclic carbonate solvents (EC, PC, GMC), chain carbonate solvents (DMC, DEC, EMC), lithium salt (LiPF6), and the innovative fluorinated cyclic carbonate compounds (1,3-propanesultone and/or 1,4-butanesultone). This composite formulation achieves both safety (reduced flammability) and performance (good conductivity) through synergistic interactions among components.
2Productivity
If fast charging is implemented to improve productivity, then charging speed increases, but lithium plating and impedance increase occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the electrolyte composition parameters by adding fluorinated cyclic carbonate compounds at optimized concentrations (1,3-propanesultone: 0.1-5% by weight; 1,4-butanesultone: 1-10% by weight). These compositional changes alter the electrochemical properties of the electrolyte, enabling faster ion transport during charging while preventing lithium plating and maintaining low impedance, thus supporting both fast charging and long-term cycling stability.
3Power
If high temperature operation is tolerated to improve power output, then energy delivery increases, but gassing and decomposition increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the thermal stability parameters of the electrolyte by incorporating fluorinated cyclic carbonate compounds (1,3-propanesultone and/or 1,4-butanesultone) at specific weight percentages. These compositional modifications raise the decomposition temperature and reduce gassing tendencies, allowing the battery to operate at higher temperatures for improved power delivery without excessive gassing or electrolyte breakdown.
4Ease of manufacture
If conventional electrolyte formulations are used to maintain low cost, then manufacturing simplicity is preserved, but environmental impact and flammability worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the electrolyte formulation by incorporating small, precise amounts of fluorinated cyclic carbonate compounds (1,3-propanesultone: 0.1-5% by weight; 1,4-butanesultone: 1-10% by weight) into the existing electrolyte system. This minimal compositional change maintains manufacturing simplicity while significantly reducing flammability and improving environmental characteristics, avoiding the need for complete formulation redesign.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The formulations exhibit improved cycling stability, reduced impedance, decreased gassing, and minimized lithium plating, maintaining high capacity retention and efficiency over multiple charge cycles, especially during fast and high-temperature conditions.
Implementation Method 1
The electrolyte needs to provide a medium which is capable of solvating and/or supporting the metal ions
Implementation Method 2
This occurs by transportation of metal ions within the battery to or from one or both of the anode and cathode, whereby on chemical reduction or oxidation, electrical charge is liberated/adopted
Implementation Method 3
increased gassing formed by unwanted electrolysis of the electrolyte
Data Source
AI summary
Battery electrolyte formulations comprising fluorine-containing dioxolane compounds as an organic solvent, suitable for use in energy storage devices including batteries and capacitors, especially for secondary batteries and devices known as supercapacitors.