Fluorinated Electrolyte Composition for Wide-Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing lithium-ion batteries do not effectively maintain battery characteristics at temperatures below freezing or high temperatures, as current electrolytes and positive electrode active materials do not consider these extreme conditions.
Innovation Solution
A lithium-ion battery design incorporating a fluorinated cyclic carbonate and a fluorinated chain carbonate electrolyte, along with a positive electrode active material containing lithium cobalt oxide with additives like Mg, F, and Ni, which maintains performance across a wide temperature range.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional electrolytes and positive electrode active materials are used, then the battery can operate at room temperature, but the battery characteristics deteriorate at temperatures below freezing or high temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by introducing fluorinated cyclic carbonate and fluorinated chain carbonate compounds with specific molecular structures. This parameter change enables the electrolyte to maintain appropriate viscosity and ionic conductivity across a wide temperature range from below freezing to high temperatures, resolving the contradiction between reliability and temperature range.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining fluorinated cyclic carbonate and fluorinated chain carbonate in specific proportions. This composite material approach allows the electrolyte to exhibit both low-temperature fluidity and high-temperature stability, simultaneously achieving reliable battery operation across extreme temperature conditions.
2Reliability
If the positive electrode active material is modified with multiple additives, then battery performance at extreme temperatures improves, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the positive electrode active material by incorporating specific additives (Mg, F, Ni) at controlled concentrations into the lithium cobalt oxide structure. This parameter-controlled modification enhances battery performance at extreme temperatures while maintaining a manageable material composition that does not excessively increase manufacturing complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The battery achieves discharge capacity greater than 50% of room temperature capacity at both low and high temperatures, ensuring effective charging and discharging in extreme conditions.
Implementation Method 1
a lithium-ion battery including a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode active material contains a lithium cobalt oxide containing Mg, F, Ni, and Al. The electrolyte contains a fluorinated cyclic carbonate and a fluorinated chain carbonate.
Implementation Method 2
The positive electrode active material contains a lithium cobalt oxide containing Mg, F, Ni, and Al
Data Source
AI summary
A lithium-ion battery including a novel electrolyte and the like is provided. The lithium-ion battery includes a positive electrode active material containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese, and an electrolyte containing a fluorinated cyclic carbonate and a fluorinated chain carbonate. A discharge capacity value obtained by placing a half cell including the positive electrode active material and the electrolyte at an ambient temperature of 25° C., performing constant current charging at a rate of 0.1 C until a voltage of 4.5 V, performing constant voltage charging at 4.5 V until a current value of 0.05 C, placing the half cell at an ambient temperature of −40° C., and performing constant current discharging at the rate of 0.1 C until a voltage of 2.5 V satisfies greater than or equal to 50% of a discharge capacity value obtained by placing the half cell at the ambient temperature of 25° C.