Fluorinated Electrolyte Battery for Wide Temperature Operation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion secondary batteries face challenges with performance at low temperatures and have a shorter lifespan and potential for abnormalities at high temperatures, necessitating a solution for high heat resistance and stable operation across a wide temperature range.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a fluorine-containing electrolyte, such as fluorinated cyclic carbonates, in the positive electrode of the battery, along with a binder like polyvinylidene fluoride, to enhance non-flammability and reduce desolvation energy for lithium ion transport, and using graphene to improve conductivity and reduce decomposition product attachment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional electrolytes are used in lithium-ion secondary batteries, then the batteries can operate at normal temperatures, but they exhibit insufficient performance at low temperatures and have shorter lifespan at high temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by introducing fluorinated cyclic carbonates (specifically fluorinated five-membered cyclic carbonates and fluorinated six-membered cyclic carbonates) to modify the electrolyte's physical and chemical properties. This enables the battery to maintain stable performance across an extended temperature range from -40°C to 150°C, resolving the temperature-dependent performance instability of conventional electrolytes
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining fluorinated cyclic carbonate components with specific additives (cyclic carbonate and chain carbonate). This composite approach synergistically improves both low-temperature fluidity and high-temperature stability, achieving reliable battery operation across extreme temperature conditions where conventional single-component electrolytes fail
2Power
If lithium-ion secondary batteries are used for high-voltage charging and long-term use in vehicles, then energy density and power output improve, but heat resistance and safety deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the potential harm of high temperature into a beneficial effect by using fluorinated cyclic carbonates that form stable protective films on electrode surfaces. These films prevent thermal runaway and dendrite formation, transforming the thermal challenge into an opportunity for enhanced safety and stability during high-voltage charging and long-term vehicle operation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the electrolyte's thermal and electrical parameters through fluorination, which increases heat resistance and reduces flammability while maintaining high ionic conductivity. This enables the battery to safely handle high-voltage charging conditions and prolonged use in vehicle environments without compromising safety
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The battery achieves stable performance from -40°C to 150°C, ensuring high heat resistance and safety by preventing dendrite growth and maintaining electrolyte viscosity, thus enabling reliable operation in vehicles equipped with these batteries.
Implementation Method 1
as the electrolyte, it is important to use one kind or two or more kinds of fluorinated cyclic carbonates to solvate a lithium ion and transport the lithium ion in the positive electrode in charging and discharging
Implementation Method 2
a variety of power storage devices such as lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion capacitors, and air batteries, which utilize an electrochemical reaction
Data Source
AI summary
One embodiment of the present invention provides a secondary battery that can be used in a wide temperature range and is less likely to be affected by the ambient temperature. A highly safe secondary battery is provided. Use of a positive electrode including a fluorine-containing electrolyte enables a secondary battery that can work in a wide temperature range, specifically, in the range of higher than or equal to −40° C. and lower than or equal to 85° C., preferably higher than or equal to −40° C. and lower than or equal to 150° C. An incombustible high molecular material or a nonflammable high molecular material is used for a binder. Furthermore, a solid electrolyte material may be included in the positive electrode to increase non-flammability.