Fluorinated Nonaqueous Electrolyte Composition for Dendrite Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing nonaqueous electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries face challenges with flammability, chemical stability, environmental impact, and safety issues, particularly in high-density batteries, which can lead to heat accumulation and potential battery failure due to dendrite formation.
Innovation Solution
A nonaqueous electrolyte formulation comprising compounds of Formula 1 and Formula 2, which are used in combination with a lithium-containing salt and optional solvents, enhances chemical stability, reduces flammability, and prevents dendrite formation, improving battery performance and safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional nonaqueous electrolytes are used in lithium-ion batteries, then the battery achieves high energy density and good ionic conductivity, but the electrolyte exhibits flammability and chemical instability particularly at high temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of dioxolane by introducing fluorinated alkyl groups at specific positions (using formulas 1 and 2 with defined R groups), which changes the physical and chemical parameters of the electrolyte including flash point and oxidative stability while maintaining ionic conductivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining fluorinated dioxolane compounds with other carbonate solvents and lithium salt electrolytes, achieving synergistic effects that improve both safety and performance
2Productivity
If conventional electrolyte solvents are used to achieve good ionic conductivity, then the battery operates efficiently, but the electrolyte presents environmental issues regarding disposability and global warming potential
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces fluorinated alkyl groups with specific carbon chain lengths (C1-C6) and fluorination patterns that modify the environmental properties of the electrolyte while maintaining its electrochemical performance and ionic conductivity
3Reliability
If the electrolyte is designed to reduce flammability by using less flammable solvents, then battery safety improves, but the rheological properties may be affected impacting ion flow
Solution Approach 1:
The patent carefully selects fluorinated alkyl group configurations and combinations of electrolyte components to achieve the desired balance between flash point and viscosity, ensuring both safety and proper rheological properties for ion transport
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The formulation increases the flash point, enhances oxidative stability, improves capacity retention, reduces overpotential, and prevents dendrite formation, leading to safer and more efficient battery operation, especially in high-temperature conditions.
Implementation Method 1
The electrolyte needs to provide a medium which is capable of solvating and/or supporting the metal ions
Implementation Method 2
This occurs by transportation of metal ions within the battery to or from one or both of the anode and cathode
Data Source
AI summary
Use of a composition comprises a compound of Formula 1 and a compound of Formula 2 in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation wherein R is a fluorinated alkyl group and X is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF3, and C1 to C6 alkyl which may be at least partially fluorinated and the group OR can be cis- or trans- to any other group: wherein R and R′ are H, F, Cl, CF3, alkyl or fluoroalkyl.