Fluorinated Battery Electrolyte Composition for Low-Flammability Li-Ion Cells
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional nonaqueous electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries face challenges such as flammability, chemical instability, and environmental concerns, which affect battery safety and longevity, particularly in high-density applications.
Innovation Solution
The use of a compound of Formula 1 in nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulations, which reduces flammability, enhances oxidative stability, and improves physical and electrochemical properties, including low viscosity, high boiling point, and compatibility with various electrode chemistries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If conventional nonaqueous electrolyte solvents are used, then the battery achieves high energy density, but the electrolyte exhibits high flammability and low flash point
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a fluorinated cyclic carbonate compound as an intermediary additive in the electrolyte formulation. This compound acts as a mediator that modifies the electrolyte's flammability characteristics while preserving its energy storage capabilities. The fluorinated compound serves as a safety intermediary that reduces the harmful flammable effects of conventional carbonate solvents without compromising the battery's energy density performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by incorporating fluorinated cyclic carbonate compounds with specific molecular structures and fluorine content ratios into the electrolyte. By changing the chemical composition parameters (adding fluorinated compounds with specific structural parameters), the electrolyte's flash point and flammability characteristics are modified while maintaining the energy density required for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
2Temperature
If conventional electrolyte solvents are used, then the battery operates at typical temperatures, but the electrolyte shows chemical instability and internal corrosion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs fluorinated cyclic carbonate compounds as sacrificial protective additives that form stable surface films on electrode materials. These compounds act as disposable protective layers that corrode preferentially, forming protective interfaces that prevent further chemical degradation of the electrolyte and electrode materials during battery operation, thereby enhancing overall chemical stability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining conventional carbonate solvents with fluorinated cyclic carbonate compounds. This composite electrolyte formulation leverages the beneficial properties of both components: the conventional solvents provide good ionic conductivity and energy density, while the fluorinated additive provides enhanced chemical stability and corrosion resistance, resulting in a synergistic electrolyte composition
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the electrolyte is made less flammable, then safety improves, but the viscosity increases and ion flow is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by introducing fluorinated cyclic carbonate compounds at specific low concentrations (0.1-10 wt%) into the electrolyte formulation. This localized addition of fluorinated compounds provides flammability reduction in specific regions of the electrolyte composition without significantly affecting the bulk viscosity and ion transport properties, thereby maintaining good ionic conductivity while improving safety
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The compound of Formula 1 in the electrolyte formulation significantly reduces flammability, improves battery performance by enhancing capacity retention and cyclability, and ensures safety and environmental sustainability, making it suitable for harsh conditions and high-voltage operations.
Implementation Method 1
The electrolyte needs to provide a medium which is capable of solvating and/or supporting the metal ions
Implementation Method 2
by transportation of metal ions within the battery from and or to one or both of the anode and cathode, where by chemical reduction or oxidation, electrical charge is liberated/adopted
Data Source
AI summary
Use of a compound of Formula 1 in a nonaqueous battery electrolyte formulation (1) wherein each R1 to R4 is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, H, CF3, and C1 to C6 alkyl which may be at least partially fluorinated, wherein at least one of R1 to R4 is or comprises F.