Fluorinated Nitrile Additive for Lithium Ion Battery Electrolyte
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion secondary batteries face challenges in restraining gas generation, particularly at high temperatures, which affects their storage characteristics and overall performance.
Innovation Solution
An electrolytic solution comprising a nonaqueous solvent, an electrolyte salt, and a specific fluorine compound with a nitrile group, which effectively reduces gas generation by forming a stable film on electrodes and inhibiting decomposing reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If lithium ion secondary batteries use highly active positive and negative electrodes to achieve higher capacity, then energy density is improved, but side reactions with the electrolytic solution increase causing decreased charge and discharge capacities
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by introducing a film-forming additive that reacts with the electrolyte before the battery is put into service, forming a stable protective film on the electrode surfaces. This pre-formed film prevents subsequent side reactions between the highly active electrodes and the electrolyte, thereby maintaining charge and discharge capacities while enabling the use of high-capacity electrode materials
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional electrolytic solutions are used to achieve basic battery operation, then ease of manufacture is maintained, but gas generation occurs particularly at high temperatures deteriorating storage characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical composition of the electrolytic solution through the addition of specific film-forming additives. These additives change the chemical parameters of the system, enabling the formation of stable protective films that suppress gas-generating decomposition reactions, particularly at high temperatures, thereby improving storage characteristics without complicating the manufacturing process
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution significantly improves the charge and discharge characteristics, thermal stability, and high-temperature storage capabilities of lithium ion secondary batteries by minimizing gas generation and enhancing the electrolyte's stability.
Implementation Method 1
addition of a specific fluorine compound having a nitrile group... which effectively reduces gas generation by forming a stable film on electrodes
Implementation Method 2
forming a stable film on electrode surfaces... inhibiting decomposing reactions
Implementation Method 3
The nitrile groups are polarized to give a large dipole moment, and this large dipole moment restrains oxidative decomposition of the electrolytic solution
Implementation Method 4
electrolytic solution prepared by dissolving an electrolyte... in a solvent mixture
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides an electrolytic solution capable of restraining gas generation. The present invention relates to an electrolytic solution containing a nonaqueous solvent (I), an electrolyte salt (II), and a compound (III) represented by the following formula (1):wherein Rf represents a C1-C20 linear or branched fluorinated alkyl group or a C3-C20 fluorinated alkyl group having a cyclic structure, R represents a C1-C20 linear or branched alkylene group or a C3-C20 alkylene group having a cyclic structure, hydrogen atoms in R may be partially or fully replaced by fluorine atoms, Rf and R may each contain an oxygen atom between carbon atoms when having a carbon number of 2 or more as long as oxygen atoms are not adjacent to each other.