Fluorophore Composition for Non-Destructive Product Authentication

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing anti-counterfeiting and product traceability systems are complex, difficult to use, and not sufficiently effective, as they often rely on temperature-dependent rare earth chelates that require cooling to observe emission changes, making them impractical and prone to counterfeit reproduction.

Innovation Solution

A composition comprising fluorophores with distinct quenching temperatures, allowing for easier differentiation and authentication through heating, which is simpler and less damaging than cooling, using fluorophores like AuSC14H29 and AuMMI that emit visible radiation and change color sequences with temperature increases, enabling non-destructive testing and authentication.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If rare earth chelates are used for anti-counterfeiting, then emission changes can be observed, but cooling to very low temperatures is required which makes the system complex and impractical

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveauthentication effectivenessVSAvoidoperational simplicity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the temperature parameter range from cryogenic temperatures (4K-77K) to easily reachable temperatures (0°C to 100°C). This is achieved by selecting fluorophores with appropriate quenching temperatures that can be accessed with simple heating equipment rather than complex cooling systems, thereby maintaining authentication effectiveness while dramatically improving ease of operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of cooling the system to observe emission changes (as in prior art), the patent inverts the approach by heating the system. The fluorophores are designed to quench at elevated temperatures rather than emit only at cryogenic temperatures, allowing observation of emission changes through simple heating rather than complex cooling

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Ease of manufacture

If fluorophores with close quenching temperatures are used, then the composition is simpler, but the quenching temperatures cannot be experimentally discerned

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomposition simplicityVSAvoidtemperature differentiation
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by assigning distinct quenching temperature characteristics to different fluorophores within the composition. Each fluorophore is selected with a specific quenching temperature (e.g., first fluorophore quenches at T1, second at T2 where |T1-T2|≥5°C), creating locally differentiated thermal responses that enable precise temperature measurement while maintaining overall composition simplicity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Reliability

If complex cooling systems are used to observe emission changes, then authentication can be performed, but the system becomes prone to counterfeit reproduction and less effective

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveauthentication effectivenessVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent fundamentally changes the temperature parameter regime from cryogenic to easily reachable temperatures. By selecting fluorophores with quenching temperatures between 0°C and 100°C, the system eliminates the need for complex cooling equipment, making the authentication system both more reliable (harder to counterfeit) and less complex

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The composition provides a straightforward and cost-effective method for authenticating products by varying the response to easily reached temperatures, making it difficult for counterfeiters to replicate, and allowing for multiple color sequences that can identify product types.

Implementation Method 1

By fluorophore (i.e. a substance that emits radiation by means of a fluorescence mechanism) it is meant a luminophore which decays from a state of excitation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluorescence: Fluorescence

Implementation Method 2

By quenching temperature of a fluorophore it is meant the minimum temperature at which that fluorophore stops emitting, despite being in the presence of the cause of excitation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal quenching:

Data Source

PatentEP2949726B1Composition of fluorophores and use thereof
Publication Date: 2020.01.08 CABRO

AI summary

Composition comprising at least one first fluorophore, which has a first quenching temperature ranging from 0°C to 200°C, and at least one second fluorophore, which has a second quenching temperature ranging from 0°C to 200°C and that differs from the first quenching temperature by at least 5°C and emits light radiation at least at a distance of 5nm from the peak of emission of the first fluorophore; the particular trend of the colour variation of the composition irradiated by means of UV radiations as a function of the temperature is used to verify the authenticity of an object on which the composition has been applied.