Fluoropolymer Protection for Organic Semiconductor Patterning

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for patterning solution-processed organic semiconductors face challenges in achieving precise, high-resolution, and clean patterning without material degradation, particularly due to solvent-induced swelling or dissolution, which complicates the integration of multiple semiconducting components and formation of well-defined heterojunctions.

Innovation Solution

The use of a protective or sacrificial fluoropolymer layer during photolithography protects the organic semiconductor material from solvent-based photoresist degradation, allowing for precise patterning and alignment with existing substrate structures, and enables the fabrication of high-quality lateral heterojunctions by preventing contamination and maintaining device performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional photolithography with solvent-based photoresists is used to pattern organic semiconductors, then patterning resolution and reliability are improved, but the organic semiconductor material dissolves or swells in the solvents causing severe degradation of electronic and optical properties

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepatterning resolutionVSAvoiddevice performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A fluoropolymer layer is introduced as an intermediary between the organic semiconductor and the solvent-based photoresist. This fluoropolymer layer is insoluble in the photoresist solvents, thereby preventing the solvents from contacting and degrading the organic semiconductor material while still allowing photolithography patterning to proceed through the fluoropolymer layer.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The fluoropolymer layer is deposited on the organic semiconductor material before the photolithography process. This preliminary action creates a protective barrier that prevents subsequent solvent exposure from damaging the organic semiconductor, enabling the use of conventional solvent-based photoresists without fear of material degradation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Manufacturing precision

If photolithography is used to pattern the active semiconductor layer of a top-gate organic FET prior to deposition of the gate dielectric, then precise patterning is achieved, but severe device degradation is observed due to solvent exposure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepatterning precisionVSAvoiddevice performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The fluoropolymer layer serves as a protective intermediary during the photolithography process on top-gate organic FETs. It allows precise patterning to be achieved while blocking the harmful solvents from reaching and degrading the active semiconductor layer, thus maintaining device performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The fluoropolymer is deposited on the active semiconductor layer before photolithography patterning. This preliminary protective layer enables subsequent processing steps involving solvents to be performed without damaging the underlying organic semiconductor material.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Ease of manufacture

If standard printing techniques are used for patterning solution-processed organic materials, then low-cost and large-area fabrication is enabled, but patterning resolution and reproducibility requirements cannot be met

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefabrication cost and areaVSAvoidpatterning resolution
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges the advantages of solution processing (low-cost, large-area fabrication) with the precision of photolithography. By depositing the fluoropolymer layer via solution processing and then using photolithography through this layer, both low-cost manufacturing and high-resolution patterning are achieved simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The fluoropolymer layer acts as a mediator that enables the combination of solution processing techniques with photolithography. It allows photolithography to be performed on solution-processed organic materials without the solvents degrading the material, thus achieving both cost-effectiveness and high precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Productivity

If photoresist, developer or solvent residues contaminate the organic semiconductor surface, then patterning can be completed, but cleaning techniques are unavailable and device performance degrades

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepatterning completionVSAvoiddevice performance
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The fluoropolymer layer serves as a sacrificial intermediary that absorbs the contamination from photoresist, developer, and solvents. Since the fluoropolymer is insoluble in these chemicals, it prevents them from contaminating the organic semiconductor surface, and the fluoropolymer itself can be removed by oxygen plasma without leaving residues on the semiconductor.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The fluoropolymer layer creates a temporary copy or replica of the patterned structure during processing. It allows the pattern to be defined through photolithography while the fluoropolymer itself protects the underlying semiconductor from contamination, and the fluoropolymer can be cleanly removed to reveal the clean patterned semiconductor.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method enables reliable, high-resolution patterning of organic semiconductors without device degradation, allowing for the integration of multiple materials and the formation of well-defined heterojunctions, enhancing the fabrication of advanced electronic and photonic devices.

Implementation Method 1

depositing a light sensitive layer on said polymer; patterning said electronic or photonic material using photolithography and etching

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotolithography: Photography

Data Source

PatentEP2452378B1patterning
Publication Date: 2020.09.09 CAMBRIDGE ENTERPRISE LTD
  • EP2452378B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2452378B1 patent drawingFigure 2(a)~2(d)
  • EP2452378B1 patent drawingFigure 3(a)~3(c)

AI summary

The present invention provides a method of patterning an electronic or photonic material on a substrate comprising: forming a film (polymer A) of said electronic or photonic material on said substrate; and using a fluoropolymer (e.g.cytop) to protect regions of said electronic or photonic material during a patterning process.