Fluoropolymer Processing Additive for Melt Fracture Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Melt-processable thermoplastic polymers face challenges with surface roughening and gel defects due to high shear rates, leading to inefficiencies in extrusion and moldability, particularly with high viscosity fluoropolymers which are poorly dispersible and cause die build-up.

Innovation Solution

A processing additive comprising a fluoropolymer with an acid value of not lower than 0.5 KOH mg/g, which reduces melt fracture time and inhibits gel defects, even at low viscosity, allowing for increased extrusion rates and reduced additive levels, by adhering to dies and screws for improved coating and adhesion.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a high viscosity fluoropolymer is used as a processing additive, then the critical shear rate is improved and melt fracture is reduced, but dispersibility in resin deteriorates and gel defects or die build-up occur

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovemoldabilityVSAvoidgel defect and die build-up
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the key parameter of fluoropolymer from high viscosity to low viscosity, while compensating for the potential loss of moldability improvement through the introduction of acidic terminal groups. This parameter change resolves the contradiction by eliminating gel defects and die build-up associated with high viscosity fluoropolymers while maintaining effective processing additive functionality through acid-value-driven mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the typically harmful acidic terminal groups into a beneficial feature. Instead of reducing acid value to improve dispersibility, the invention utilizes high acid value to enhance adhesion to dies and screws, thereby preventing die build-up and improving processing performance. This transforms a previously undesirable characteristic into a useful property for resolving the technical contradiction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Object-generated harmful factors

If a low viscosity fluoropolymer is used as a processing additive, then dispersibility in resin is improved, but moldability improvement is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovedispersibilityVSAvoidmoldability
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces acidic terminal groups as an intermediary mechanism that mediates between the fluoropolymer and the processing system. These acidic groups act as adhesion promoters that compensate for the low viscosity and poor dispersibility characteristics, enabling low viscosity fluoropolymers to effectively improve moldability by adhering to dies and screws during processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Productivity

If high Mooney viscosity fluoroelastomer is used to shorten melt fracture disappearance time, then extrusion rate is improved, but dispersibility deteriorates and gel defects appear

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveextrusion rateVSAvoidgel defect
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the viscosity parameter from high to low, eliminating gel defect formation while maintaining the ability to shorten melt fracture disappearance time through the acid-value-driven adhesion mechanism. This parameter change enables high extrusion rates without the harmful gel defects associated with high viscosity fluoropolymers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The fluoropolymer processing additive effectively shortens melt fracture disappearance time, reduces extrusion pressure, and enhances moldability and productivity by improving dispersibility and reducing the need for high viscosity fluoropolymers, thus addressing the limitations of existing technologies.

Implementation Method 1

a fluoropolymer increased in acid value can display excellent characteristics required of a processing additive... such fluoropolymer exhibits excellent processing additive performance characteristics... it provides a melt-processable resin with improved moldability

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdhesion: Adhesive

Data Source

PatentUS11274172B2Processing additive, molding composition masterbatch of processing additive and molding article
Publication Date: 2022.03.15 DAIKIN INDUSTRIES LTD

AI summary

The present invention provides a processing additive which can bring about improvements in moldability at Mooney viscosity levels at which the dispersibility in a melt-processable resin is high and which further can work at reduced addition levels. The present invention is a processing additive comprising a fluoropolymer having an acid value of not lower than 0.5 KOH mg/g.