Live Fluoroscopic Roadmapping Pixel Shift Correction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for live fluoroscopic roadmapping suffer from latency in correcting for misregistration between frames due to global and periodic motion, leading to image artifacts, especially when using large regions of interest for shift vector calculation, which is not conducive to real-time correction.
Innovation Solution
A system and method that dynamically calculates a pixel shift vector based on a small region of interest (ROI), allowing clinicians to select a small area using an input device, automatically comparing pixels between the ROI in the live and mask frames to generate a next best shift vector for timely correction, with the ability to adjust fractional pixel shifts for improved registration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If large regions of interest are used for shift vector calculation, then measurement precision is improved, but processing time increases causing latency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the image into multiple small regions of interest (ROIs) rather than using a single large ROI for shift vector calculation. This segmentation allows the system to process smaller areas independently and in parallel, reducing overall processing time while maintaining registration accuracy through multiple localized measurements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by calculating shift vectors for only a subset of regions (small ROIs) rather than processing the entire image frame. This selective processing reduces computational burden and latency while still achieving sufficient registration correction for the critical areas of interest.
2Reliability
If real-time correction is implemented, then image quality is improved, but processing speed requirements increase system complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the complex registration problem into smaller, independent shift vector calculations for multiple small ROIs. This division simplifies each individual calculation while the aggregate effect maintains high image quality, reducing overall system complexity through modular processing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex mechanical or computational registration systems with a simplified pixel-shifting approach. By using small ROIs and calculating localized shift vectors, the system achieves real-time correction with reduced computational complexity compared to traditional global registration methods.
3Productivity
If small regions of interest are used, then processing speed is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses multiple small ROIs segmented across different areas of the image rather than a single large ROI. Each small ROI is processed quickly independently, and the combined effect of multiple localized shift vectors maintains overall registration precision while achieving high processing speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of ROI size from large to small, and compensates for the potential precision loss by increasing the number of ROIs and their spatial distribution. This parameter change enables faster processing while maintaining measurement precision through statistical aggregation of multiple measurements.
Data Source
AI summary
An X-ray diagnostic imaging system for conducting live fluoroscopic subtraction imaging is described as including an X-ray source for directing X-ray radiation to a patient being examined, an x-ray imaging device positioned for receiving the X-ray radiation and acquiring images in response thereto and a processor arranged in communication with the x-ray source and x-ray imaging device to control acquisition of a contrast-enhanced mask image frame and a live image frame without contrast enhancement, to conduct a pixel shift calculation operation based on a small, user-defined region of interest (ROI), for example, 1/16 of a full frame, to realize a pixel shift vector to correct for motion between live image frames, to shift pixels comprising the mask image frame by pixel shift directions defined by the pixel shift vector, and to subtract the shifted mask image frame from the live image frame to realize a live roadmapping image frame. The system includes a display for displaying the live roadmapping image frame, and a user interface that allows a user to define and capture the small ROI in the displayed image frame for use by the processor conducting the pixel shift calculation.