Electromagnetic Flux Controlling Member for Uniform Wave Convergence
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electromagnetic flux controlling members fail to uniformly converge electromagnetic flux due to spherical aberration, leading to poor gain in transmission and reception.
Innovation Solution
A communication module with a transmission/reception part and an electromagnetic flux controlling member featuring a convex first surface and a second surface, including a first region for near-axis light convergence at a first focal position and a second region for light convergence at a second focal position, with (B−A)/f1 satisfying 0.1 to 1, where f1 is the focal length, B is the distance to the second focal position, and A is the distance to the first focal position.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a planoconvex-lens shaped electromagnetic flux controlling member is used, then the electromagnetic flux can be directed from the spherical surface, but spherical aberration causes the refracted flux to not converge at one point, resulting in non-uniform phase and poor gain
Solution Approach 1:
The first surface is divided into multiple regions (first region with first curvature radius, second region with second curvature radius, third region with third curvature radius) that have different curvature characteristics. This segmentation allows each region to handle different portions of the electromagnetic flux with appropriate curvature, enabling precise control over flux convergence while eliminating spherical aberration.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the first surface are assigned different curvature radii tailored to their specific functions. The first region handles near-axis light convergence, the second region handles intermediate light convergence, and the third region handles peripheral light convergence. This local differentiation of surface properties optimizes flux convergence precision across the entire aperture.
2Reliability
If the curvature radius of the first surface is increased, then the gain is improved, but the manufacturing precision and surface quality control become more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using a single large curvature radius that would be difficult to manufacture, the surface is segmented into multiple regions with different curvature radii. Each region can be manufactured with standard precision tolerances, yet collectively they achieve the equivalent effect of a larger curvature radius, improving gain while maintaining manufacturability.
Solution Approach 2:
The first surface exhibits different curvature characteristics in different regions. The central region has a different curvature radius compared to the peripheral regions, allowing optimization of flux convergence properties without requiring the entire surface to have an excessively large curvature radius that would be difficult to manufacture.
3Ease of manufacture
If the second surface is made flat to simplify the structure, then the manufacturing is easier, but the flux convergence and phase uniformity are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The first surface is segmented into multiple functional regions with different curvature characteristics, which compensates for the simplicity of the second surface. This segmentation in the first surface ensures precise flux convergence and phase uniformity even when the second surface is flat, maintaining high performance while simplifying manufacturing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The configuration achieves favorable gain by uniformly converging electromagnetic flux, enhancing the communication module's performance.
Implementation Method 1
electromagnetic flux controlling members have a function of controlling the travelling direction of electromagnetic waves including radio waves such as a function of converting spherical waves into plane waves
Data Source
AI summary
A communication module of the present invention is a communication module including a transmission/reception part and an electromagnetic flux controlling member. The electromagnetic flux controlling member includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface of the electromagnetic flux controlling member includes a first region including an incidence portion of near-axis light to be converged at a first focal position, the near-axis light being located closest to a central axis of the electromagnetic flux controlling member, and a second region disposed in a region surrounding the first region and including an incidence portion of light to be converged at a second focal position when parallel light is entered from the first surface and emitted from the second surface. The second focal position is located at a position farther from the electromagnetic flux controlling member than the first focal position.