FM Transmitter Site Selection Using Mountain Peak Elevation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing FM broadcast transmission technologies face challenges in optimizing coverage for the Boise radio market due to geographical and regulatory constraints, such as terrain obstructions and FCC spacing rules, limiting the number of new signals that can be effectively transmitted.
Innovation Solution
Identification of unique transmitter site locations in Oregon, considering factors like terrain, FCC regulations, and RF propagation, along with the use of booster sites to enhance signal reach, particularly in areas shadowed by terrain, and strategic placement to meet FCC requirements and maximize coverage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If transmitter sites are placed closer together to increase coverage area, then signal coverage is improved, but FCC spacing rules are violated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from two-dimensional horizontal spacing constraints to three-dimensional vertical positioning by placing transmitters on mountain peaks at high elevations (e.g., 8,000-10,000 feet). This vertical dimension allows transmitters to overcome terrain obstructions and achieve broader coverage while maintaining horizontal separation required by FCC rules.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operational parameters by selecting specific high-elevation locations with precise coordinates and elevation values. By modifying the elevation parameter and selecting locations with favorable terrain characteristics, the system achieves extended coverage areas while complying with FCC spacing requirements through careful parameter selection.
2Length of stationary object
If transmitter power is increased to overcome terrain obstructions, then signal reach is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of terrain obstructions into a beneficial positioning strategy. By locating transmitters on mountain peaks, the terrain that would normally block signals becomes the optimal platform for transmission, allowing signals to propagate over and around obstructions rather than requiring increased power to overcome them.
Solution Approach 2:
The solution moves the transmitter from ground level to elevated positions, changing the vertical dimension of transmission. This elevation change allows signals to clear terrain obstructions naturally through geometric line-of-sight improvement, eliminating the need for increased power consumption.
3Area of stationary object
If the number of transmitter sites is increased to cover shadowed areas, then coverage completeness is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent identifies specific parameter thresholds for optimal transmitter locations, including minimum elevation values (e.g., 8,000 feet), distance ranges from market centers (e.g., 50-150 miles), and directional orientation parameters. By changing and optimizing these parameters, a minimal number of transmitters can achieve comprehensive coverage without requiring numerous additional sites.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables excellent coverage of the Boise market with a limited number of transmitter sites, allowing for additional FM signals to be introduced while adhering to regulatory standards, and provides a framework for evaluating optimal site locations and signal strength.
Implementation Method 1
considering factors like terrain, FCC regulations, and RF propagation
Data Source
AI summary
A method is disclosed for locating a transmitter site location area and identifying optimal transmitter sites within the area that have favorable characteristics to allow for FM signals to be transmitted to cover a radio market. Through use of FCC tables, the required distance from a proposed station to any co-channel, adjacent channel, and IF spaced stations are determined. The area is determined by utilizing city of license criteria where proposed stations can be located and plotted on the map. Candidate station locations with favorable height within the area are determined. Each candidate station location is tested to predict coverage and path profile.