FMCW Radar Target Detection via Differential Signal Processing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional millimeter wave radars face challenges in detection ability and stability due to low frequency noises from plate materials and environmental interference, affecting the accuracy of target position detection.
Innovation Solution
A target detection method using a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal that generates periodic output signals, processes echo signals to obtain differential time domain signals, and converts them into intermediate frequency (IF) signals through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to calculate relative distance or velocity, effectively reducing unnecessary noise.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional FFT-based signal processing is used, then the detection process is simple, but low frequency noises from plate materials and environmental interference reduce detection ability and stability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing differential processing on consecutive time domain signals before FFT transformation. This preprocessing step removes low frequency noise components from plate materials and environmental interference before the main signal processing occurs, thereby improving detection stability without compromising the simplicity of the overall process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful low frequency noise into a beneficial filtering effect by using differential processing. The differential operation ΔS(t) = S(t+Δt) - S(t) inherently suppresses low frequency components while preserving the target signal characteristics, transforming the noise problem into a solution that enhances detection ability
2Measurement precision
If conventional FFT processing is applied directly to echo signals, then the processing steps are minimal, but unnecessary noises in the reflected signal reduce detection precision
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary differential processing on the time domain signals before applying FFT. This preliminary action removes unnecessary noise components from the reflected signal, ensuring that the subsequent frequency transformation operates on cleaner data, thereby improving target position detection accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes the harmful noise components from the signal by using differential processing. The operation ΔS(t) = S(t+Δt) - S(t) extracts the target signal while leaving behind the unnecessary noise, which is then eliminated before FFT processing, resulting in higher measurement precision
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances detection ability and stability by obtaining more accurate IF signals, improving the accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio, allowing for reliable detection of target positions with increased efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal sent by a radar module is reflected by a target respectively into a first echo signal and a second echo signal
Implementation Method 2
obtains an intermediate frequency (IF) signal from the differential time domain signal ΔS(t) through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
Data Source
AI summary
A target detection method includes generate a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal; send the FMCW signal through a radar module; receive a first echo signal and a second echo signal reflected by a target and respectively corresponding to a first output signal and a second output signal; process the first echo signal and the second echo signal to correspondingly obtain a first time domain signal S(t1) and a second time domain signal S(t2); process the first time domain signal S(t1) and the second time domain signal S(t2) to obtain a differential time domain signal ΔS(t) which satisfies ΔS(t)=S(t2)-S(t1); convert the differential time domain signal ΔS(t) into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); calculate a relative distance or a relative velocity of the target relative to the radar module based on the IF signal.