Compressed Air Foam Regulators for Consistent Quality

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing compressed-air foam systems face challenges in maintaining consistent foam quality due to variations in water and air flow pressures and flow rates, as well as pipe conditions, which affect the stability and effectiveness of the foam for fire extinguishing.

Innovation Solution

A method and system that regulate foam pressure and volume flow rates in the foaming chamber to maintain constant superficial velocities of the mixture and compressed gas, using pressure and volume flow rate regulators, and a self-operating pinch valve to ensure consistent foam quality, eliminating the need for complex control systems.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If complex control systems with sensors and flowmeters are used to maintain foam quality, then foam quality consistency is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefoam quality consistencyVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses self-regulating components (pressure regulator and flow rate regulator) that automatically maintain constant operating parameters without external control signals. The pressure regulator automatically adjusts downstream pressure based on upstream pressure variations, and the flow rate regulator similarly maintains constant flow rate, eliminating the need for sensors, flowmeters, and complex control electronics while ensuring consistent foam quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex electronic control systems (sensors, flowmeters, controllers) with simple mechanical regulation devices. The pressure regulator and flow rate regulator are purely mechanical components that use spring-loaded diaphragms and adjustable orifices to maintain constant parameters, substituting sophisticated electronic control with elegant mechanical self-regulation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Ease of operation

If pressure and flow rate variations are allowed in the system, then ease of operation is improved, but foam quality stability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem operation flexibilityVSAvoidfoam quality stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The system establishes constant pressure and constant flow rate conditions upstream of the mixing chamber before mixing occurs. The pressure regulator and flow rate regulator are positioned to pre-condition the water and air flows, ensuring that the mixing chamber receives stable inputs regardless of downstream variations, thereby maintaining foam quality stability while allowing operational flexibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Manufacturing precision

If multiple control components (sensors, flowmeters, controllers) are added to regulate foam quality, then manufacturing precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefoam quality control precisionVSAvoidnumber of control components
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and eliminates unnecessary control components from the system. Instead of using sensors, flowmeters, and electronic controllers, the invention relies on the inherent self-regulating properties of properly designed pressure and flow rate regulators, removing extraneous components while maintaining precise control of foam quality through the essential regulation functions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for continuous production of high-quality foam with stable properties, independent of variations in pressure and flow rates, ensuring effective fire extinguishing without requiring complex control systems or sensors.

Implementation Method 1

The mixture of foam agent and water is continuously supplied to the foaming chamber at a first constant pressure and at a first constant volume flow rate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure regulation:

Implementation Method 2

The mixture of foam agent and water is continuously supplied to the foaming chamber at a first constant pressure and at a first constant volume flow rate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVolume flow rate regulation:

Implementation Method 3

a pressure-regulating arrangement arranged in said pipe at the outlet of the foaming chamber and adapted to maintain a constant pressure at the outlet of the foaming chamber and as a result it maintains also the foam mixing pressure in the foaming chamber constant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure regulation:

Implementation Method 4

Foaming chamber 5 mixes the inputted compressed air and the mixture of foam agent and water to produce foam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas-liquid mixing:

Data Source

PatentEP2144676B1Improved compressed air foam technology
Publication Date: 2012.08.29 SOGEPI SA
  • EP2144676B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2144676B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2144676B1 patent drawing

AI summary

The method is for continuously producing compressed-air foam, notably for fire fighting or for decontamining, by supplying both compressed air and a mixture of water and at least a foaming agent to a foaming chamber (5) outputting foam to a nozzle (9) via a pipe (8). The mixture of foam agent and water and the compressed air are each continuously supplied to the foaming chamber (5) at a constant pressure and at a constant volume flow rate, e.g. by means of pressure regulators (1, 2) and of flow rate regulators (3, 4). The foam pressure is regulated at the outlet of the foaming chamber (5) for maintaining the foam mixing pressure in the foaming chamber constant, preferably by a self-operating valve (6). The foaming chamber can advantageously be of a static type comprising sieves.