Foamed Opacifying Layer Coating for Light-Blocking Materials

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing light-blocking materials, such as blackout curtains and shades, face challenges in achieving a lightweight, flexible, and uniformly white appearance while maintaining light-absorptive properties, and there is a risk of dark opacifying agents escaping during handling and sewing, leading to undesirable shading and soiling.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a foamed aqueous composition with porous particles and a non-foamed functional composition formulation, where the foamed opacifying layer is densified and topped with a non-foamed functional composition containing untreated synthetic silica, providing a high L* value for whiteness and uniformity, and preventing opacifying agents from escaping.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If thick foam coatings with light scattering pigments are used to create blackout curtains, then light blocking performance is improved, but weight increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight transmissionVSAvoidcurtain weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite structure with a foam substrate containing light-absorbing carbon black particles combined with a coating layer containing light-scattering titanium dioxide particles. This composite material approach achieves superior light blocking performance with reduced thickness and weight compared to using单一 light-scattering pigments alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies different functional layers with distinct properties: the foam substrate provides light absorption and structural bulk, while the coating layer provides light scattering and surface whiteness. This local differentiation of material properties optimizes both light blocking and weight characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Object-affected harmful factors

If carbon black is used as light-absorbing pigment in the foam layer, then light blocking performance is improved, but the risk of fugitive pigment escaping during sewing and handling increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight transmissionVSAvoidpigment retention
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a coating layer as an intermediary barrier between the carbon black-containing foam substrate and the external environment. This coating layer prevents direct exposure and potential escape of carbon black particles during sewing and handling, while maintaining light blocking performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies the coating layer containing titanium dioxide particles beforehand to seal and protect the carbon black particles in the foam substrate before any sewing or handling operations. This preliminary protective action prevents pigment escape during subsequent processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Object-affected harmful factors

If multiple coating operations are used to achieve desired light blocking and appearance, then performance is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight transmissionVSAvoidcoating process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines light absorption and light scattering functions into an integrated two-layer structure where the foam substrate and coating layer work together. This merged approach achieves superior light blocking performance without requiring multiple separate coating operations, simplifying the manufacturing process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Illumination intensity

If light colored foam coatings are applied to achieve desired appearance, then aesthetic quality is improved, but uniformity of whiteness decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface brightnessVSAvoidwhiteness uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent controls the concentration and particle size distribution of titanium dioxide particles in the coating layer to optimize both surface brightness and whiteness uniformity. By adjusting these parameters, the coating provides consistent optical properties across the entire surface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution results in a lightweight, flexible, and uniformly white light-blocking material with improved durability and reduced risk of opacifying agents escaping, maintaining desired opacity and appearance.

Implementation Method 1

Light blocking articles such as the blackout curtains or shades can be comprised of a fabric (porous) substrate coated with more than one layer of a foamed latex composition

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight scattering: Scattering

Implementation Method 2

the resulting functional composition in the opacifying article can serve a variety of functions because of the incorporation therein of an untreated synthetic silica such as precipitated silica and fumed silica

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 3

When a blackout material such as a blackout curtain or shade is hung over a window, it generally blocks substantially all external light from entering the room through that window

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation blocking: Absorption (EM radiation)

Data Source

PatentUS12084558B2Aqueous functional composition for articles
Publication Date: 2024.09.10 EASTMAN KODAK CO

AI summary

An aqueous non-foamed functional composition formulation is disposed on a foamed opacifying layer in light-blocking, foamed opacifying elements. This non-foamed functional composition formulation has 0.5-15% solids and essential (i) and (iv) components and optional (ii), (v), (vi), and (vii) components. The components (i) untreated synthetic silica (fumed silica or precipitated silica) at 0.5-10 weight %; and a (iv) water-soluble or water-dispersible organic polymeric binder having a glass transition temperature (Tg) below 25° C. The weight ratio of the (i) untreated synthetic silica to the (iv) water-soluble or water-dispersible organic polymeric binder is 10:1 to 1:1. The optional components include: a (ii) solid or non-solid lubricant; a (v) crosslinking agent; a (vi) thickener; and a (vii) coating aid. Glass particles can also be present. The presence of the (i) untreated synthetic silica provides improved brightness, e.g. an L* value of at least 80, and uniform coatings in the resulting, foamed opacifying element.