Interleaved Folded Current-Steering DAC for High Sampling Rates

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current digital-to-analog converter (DAC) systems face challenges in achieving high-speed operation while minimizing power issues, headroom problems, and time-dependent dielectric breakdown, especially in deep submicron designs, which limits their sampling rates and reliability.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of an interleaved and folded current steering DAC system with two or more folded DAC drivers, where each driver steers current alternately into a load or dump network, allowing continuous operation and reducing power supply headroom issues, and utilizing a folded cascode architecture to mitigate time-dependent dielectric breakdown risks.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If conventional DAC architectures are used to achieve high-speed operation, then sampling rate is improved, but power consumption increases and headroom problems occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesampling rateVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the DAC driver into multiple independent folded driver circuits that operate in an interleaved manner. Each driver handles a portion of the sampling rate, allowing parallel operation that achieves high overall sampling rates while each individual driver consumes less power than a single high-speed driver would require.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs periodic switching between multiple folded drivers using clock signals. The drivers operate in alternating phases, with each driver active during specific time intervals. This periodic action distributes the power consumption over time and enables high effective sampling rates through interleaved operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

2Speed

If conventional DAC architectures are used to achieve high-speed operation, then sampling rate is improved, but headroom problems occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesampling rateVSAvoidsupply headroom
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the high-speed DAC operation into multiple lower-speed folded drivers operating in parallel. Each driver requires less supply headroom than a single high-speed driver would need, and the interleaved operation maintains continuous high sampling rate while keeping individual driver headroom requirements manageable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses dynamic switching between multiple folded drivers through clock-controlled switches. This dynamic allocation allows the system to maintain high effective sampling rates while each individual driver operates within safe headroom limits, adapting the active drivers based on timing requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Device complexity

If conventional DAC architectures are used, then design simplicity is maintained, but time-dependent dielectric breakdown risk increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedesign complexityVSAvoiddielectric breakdown resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the DAC into multiple folded driver circuits with separate current paths. This segmentation reduces the current stress on any single dielectric interface, thereby reducing the cumulative effect that leads to time-dependent dielectric breakdown while maintaining overall system functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces clock-controlled switching circuits as intermediaries that distribute current flow across multiple paths. These switching intermediaries prevent excessive current concentration at any single dielectric interface, reducing breakdown risk while maintaining design manageability through systematic control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS10771086B2Current steering digital-to-analog conversion systems
Publication Date: 2020.09.08 JARIET TECHNOLOGIES INC
  • US10771086B2 patent drawing
  • US10771086B2 patent drawing
  • US10771086B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A DAC driver includes a number of DAC drivers coupled to a load network. A first DAC driver includes a first set of data switches that can be controlled by a first digital input signal. The first DAC driver further includes a first set of output switches, a first set of dump switches and a first set of current sources. Another DAC driver includes a second set of output switches, dump switches, and current sources. The first set of output switches or the second set of output switches are operable to respectively couple either one of the first set of data switches or the first set of current sources to the load network. The first set of dump switches or the second set of dump switches are operable to respectively dump the first set of current sources or the second set current sources into a respective dump load.