Follicular T Cell Epitope Identification via TCR Clonotype Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for understanding and predicting acquired immune responses to disease factors are limited, making it difficult to design effective vaccines and assess long-term immunity and disease diagnosis.
Innovation Solution
The use of public follicular helper T cells (Tfh) specific to common disease factors, reconstituting TCR α and β chains to identify T cell epitopes presented by frequent HLA alleles, allowing for the measurement and evaluation of follicular T cell responses to disease-related factors for diagnostic and predictive purposes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional methods are used to understand acquired immune responses, then existing diagnostic capabilities are maintained, but the ability to predict long-term immunity and design effective vaccines remains limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional, limited diagnostic methods with a novel TCR clonotype-based measurement system. By substituting traditional immune response assessment with TCR repertoire analysis, the invention enables accurate prediction of long-term immunity and provides previously unidentified information about acquired immune responses to disease factors
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the measurement parameter from general immune response indicators to specific TCR clonotype frequencies. This parameter change enables precise quantification of follicular T cell responses and provides new dimensions of information about immune status, vaccine effectiveness, and disease diagnosis
2Measurement precision
If TCR clonotype measurement is implemented, then diagnostic accuracy and immune response assessment are improved, but measurement complexity and technical requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a universal TCR clonotype measurement approach that can be applied across multiple disease types (infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, cancer) and multiple clinical applications (diagnosis, vaccine evaluation, immunity assessment). This universal method reduces the need for disease-specific complex assays while maintaining high measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses TCR sequence information (molecular copies) to represent and measure follicular T cell responses without requiring direct manipulation of live cells or complex functional assays. By copying TCR sequences from patient samples and analyzing their frequency distribution, the system achieves high diagnostic accuracy with simplified measurement procedures
Data Source
AI summary
A new medical technique using follicular T cells is provided. The present disclosure is based on the finding of public TfhTCR which is specific to disease factors common to various patients, and provides a method for producing follicular T cells specific to a disease, including a step of identifying a disease-related factor or a part thereof having the ability to induce a follicular T cell reactive with the disease-related factor, a step of inducing the follicular T cell specific to the disease, by using the disease-related factor or a part thereof, and a step of obtaining the follicular T cell specific to the disease.