FOPPR Sensor Static Binding Kinetic Rate Constant Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional biosensors require a fluorescent mechanism to label test analytes, altering their properties and are limited by test solution flow rate in estimating binding kinetic rate constants, which complicates chemical kinetics studies.
Innovation Solution
A fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) sensor system that uses time-resolved light signal intensities in a static condition to calculate binding kinetic rate constants without fluorescent labeling, employing a fiber sensor chip with a noble metal nanoparticle layer and bio-recognition layer, allowing for multiple concentration analyses without flow rate limitations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a fluorescent mechanism is used to label test analyte, then the analyte can be detected, but the properties of the test analyte are altered
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a fluorescent probe as an intermediary substance that specifically binds to the target analyte. The probe carries the fluorescent label, not the analyte itself, allowing detection while preserving analyte properties. The probe acts as a mediator between the detection system and the analyte, enabling indirect detection without direct labeling of the analyte.
2Productivity
If test solution is constantly infused in conventional plasmon resonance sensor, then the sensor can operate continuously, but the determination range of association constant and dissociation constant is confined by flow rate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic flow control system where the flow rate is adjusted based on the kinetic parameters being measured. The system can switch between different flow rates to optimize measurements for both fast and slow binding interactions. This dynamic adjustment allows the sensor to adapt to different kinetic regimes, expanding the determination range of association and dissociation constants while maintaining continuous operation capability.
3Device complexity
If simple and concise computation is used, then the calculation of binding kinetic rate constants is simplified, but accuracy may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex numerical integration methods with a simplified algebraic calculation approach. Instead of using computationally intensive fitting algorithms that require iterative numerical integration of differential equations, the invention uses a direct algebraic formula that calculates kinetic constants from measured parameters. This substitution maintains accuracy while dramatically reducing computational complexity and enabling real-time analysis.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables simple and concise computation of binding kinetic rate constants without altering the test analyte properties and independent of test solution flow rates, providing accurate estimates of association and dissociation constants.
Implementation Method 1
fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) sensor
Implementation Method 2
the light beam can propagate within the fiber core
Data Source
AI summary
A method for obtaining the binding kinetic rate constants using fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) sensor, suitable for a test solution with two or more concentrations, which employs the following major steps: providing one FOPPR sensor instrument system, obtaining optical time-resolved signal intensities starting at the initial time to the steady state of the two or more regions, substituting the measured signal intensity values into the formula which is derived by using the pseudo-first order rate equation model. In addition, this method measures the temporal signal intensity evolution under static conditions as the samples are quickly loaded. As a result, unlike the conventional device where the sample is continuously infused, the method is able to measure the association and dissociation rate constants of which the upper bounds are not limited by the sample flow rate.