Forced Push-Pull Ignition System for Internal Combustion Engines
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing ignition systems for internal combustion engines are electronically complex, require multiple control mechanisms, and fail to sustain arcs consistently, especially under conditions of repeated interruptions, while also not providing a compact, low-mass unit with radio frequency shielding and adjustable arc duration.
Innovation Solution
A compact ignition system with a transformer mounted directly on the spark plug, using a forced push-pull inverter and gate-driven ICs to generate a high-frequency alternating voltage, allowing for adjustable arc duration and radio frequency shielding, and incorporating a power boost voltage regulator for constant wattage and variable input voltage compatibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of moving object
If a single short-duration spark with relatively low intensity is used, then the ignition system is simple, but the arc cannot be sustained for 4-5 milliseconds under turbulent conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies periodic action by using an alternating current waveform with multiple cycles instead of a single spark. The AC waveform naturally provides periodic zero-crossings that allow the arc to be re-established repeatedly, sustaining it for 4-5 milliseconds. This periodic action is achieved through the ignition circuit design that generates multi-cycle AC sparks rather than single DC sparks.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the electrical parameters from traditional single-spark DC to multi-cycle AC with controlled amplitude and duration. By adjusting the AC waveform parameters (frequency, amplitude, duty cycle), the system sustains the arc longer while managing the complexity through electronic control rather than mechanical means.
2Duration of action of moving object
If dual mechanisms with high-energy discharge and low-energy extending are used, then arc duration is extended, but the system becomes electronically complex with multiple control mechanisms
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the high-energy discharge and low-energy extending functions into a single integrated AC ignition circuit. Instead of separate mechanisms, the AC waveform inherently provides both the initial breakdown energy and the sustained arc energy through its continuous cycles, eliminating the need for multiple independent control systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The AC ignition circuit serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides the high-voltage breakdown, sustains the arc through continuous cycles, and naturally adapts to varying engine conditions. This multi-functionality is achieved through the versatile AC waveform that can be controlled in amplitude, frequency, and duration by a single control system.
3Productivity
If combustion chamber shape and fuel-air ratio are modified to improve combustion, then combustion efficiency improves, but the arc is interrupted or blown out by strong turbulence
Solution Approach 1:
The patent ensures continuity of useful action by sustaining the arc for 4-5 milliseconds through multi-cycle AC sparks. This continuous electrical action persists through the turbulent combustion environment, ensuring reliable ignition even when combustion chamber modifications create strong turbulence that would interrupt shorter sparks.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If a compact ignition system with transformer mounted on spark plug is used, then radio frequency interference is reduced, but the system requires precise mounting and increased assembly complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the nested doll principle by integrating the transformer directly onto the spark plug assembly. The transformer is mounted on the spark plug terminal or housing, creating a compact nested structure where the ignition components are housed within each other. This reduces the overall package size and minimizes RF interference by containing the high-voltage components in a small, shielded volume.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves a compact, efficient, and reliable ignition with reduced spark plug gap erosion, adjustable arc duration, and consistent performance across varying input voltages, enhancing cold start capabilities and minimizing radio frequency interference.
Implementation Method 1
a transformer having first and second primary windings and a secondary winding... the transformer produces an alternating voltage output from the secondary winding
Implementation Method 2
A forced push-pull inverter is cooperative with the electronic spark timing circuit so as to fix a frequency of current to the first and second primary windings
Implementation Method 3
generate a spark in the cylinder... cause combustion of the fuel in the cylinder
Implementation Method 4
The spark causes combustion of the fuel in the cylinder to drive the piston
Data Source
AI summary
An ignition system for an internal combustion engine has a power source, a transformer having first and second primary windings and a secondary winding, a connector extending from the secondary winding and adapted so as to connect with a terminal of the spark plug of the internal combustion engine, and electronic spark timing circuit cooperative with the transformer so as to activate and deactivate voltage to the first and second primary windings. The first and second primary windings are connected to the power source such that the transformer produces an alternating voltage output from the secondary winding of between 1 kHz and 100 kHz and a voltage of at least 20 kV. A forced push-pull inverter is cooperative with the electronic spark timing circuit so as to fix a frequency of voltage to the first and second primary windings.